We present a shape-based approach to three-dimensional image reconstruction from diffuse optical data. Our approach differs from others in the literature in that we jointly reconstruct object and background characterization and localization simultaneously, rather than sequentially process for optical properties and postprocess for edges. The key to the efficiency and robustness of our algorithm...

1. Violation of time reversal symmetry has been observed only in K0-decay many years ago [1], and remains one of the great unsolved problems in elementary particle physics. Since the discovery of the CP-violation in decay of K0-mesons, a few attempts have been undertaken to observe this phenomenon experimentally in different processes. However, that experiments have not been successful. At the ...

In the present paper, we studied possibility of observation and detection nonlinear optical effects in free space. We four wave mixing process which signal is generated opposite to direction probe beam. observed that large number photons are beam, should be detectable.

Integrated-optical (IO) micro-ring, -disk, and -sphere resonators have been long considered as a good candidate to enhance optical sensor performance. To the best of our knowledge, none of previous reported works [1]-[3] has explicitly attributed such (expected) enhancement to slow-light [4] phenomenon, i.e. a phenomenon where the group velocity of light is much lower than the light velocity in...

Red blood cells are "shaken" with a holographic optical tweezer array. The flow generated around cells due to the periodic optical forcing is measured with an optically trapped "detector" particle located in the cell vicinity. A signal-processing model that describes the cell's physical properties as an analog filter illustrates how cells can be distinguished from each other.

We report measurements of the resistivity in the ferromagnetic state of epitaxial thin films of La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO3 and the low-temperature specific heat of a polycrystalline La0.8Ca0.2MnO3. The resistivity below 100 K can be well fitted by rho-rho(0) = Eomega(s)/sinh (2)(hs/ 2k(B)T) with h(omega)(s)/k(B) approximately 80 K and E being a constant. Such behavior is consistent with small-polaron coh...

This paper describes an approach we suggest to monitor pavements by using an active optical device. Basically, the amount of light received by such sensors depends on superficial conditions, for which studying some specific traits of scattering indicatrices can bring substantial information. With this objective in sight, the major physical processes originating in the observed back-scattering a...