This paper investigates the effectiveness of offering rewards for self reports as a means of combating collusive bribery. Rewarding self reporting theoretically sows distrust between parties tempted to exchange bribes and may reduce bribery even where authorities are otherwise ineffective in uncovering corruption. Our results indicate that offering rewards is weakly effective in reducing collus...

The modulation transfer function, noise transfer function and detection quantum efficiency of both 1k2 and 2k2 cameras attached to the same 300 kV FEGTEM have been measured. The results show that both the MTF and the DQE of the 2k2 camera are lower than for the 1k2 camera at frequencies above a third of the Nyquist limit. This lower per-pixel performance of the 2k2 camera is primarily a result ...

Mind wandering is a ubiquitous phenomenon in which attention shifts from task-related to task-unrelated thoughts. The last decade has witnessed an explosion of interest in mind wandering, but research has been stymied by a lack of objective measures, leading to a near-exclusive reliance on self-reports. We addressed this issue by developing an eye-gaze-based, machine-learned model of mind wande...

This paper examines which factors raise the probability a worker will be promoted using the NLSY dataset. While other papers have tried to explain what affects a worker’s probability of receiving a promotion, this is the first paper to look at the impact of social ability. We use the respondent’s self reported sociability at age eighteen and whether the individual participated in clubs during h...

This article asks questions about power and partnership in disability research in Africa. Research has been located too much in one type of organisation or another and not sufficiently in the interaction between a range of legitimate stakeholders. Across Africa and Europe, and government and civil society dialogues, the African development research agenda must be owned by Africans. Fully inclus...

Background: Recent evidence shows that the prevalence of substance abuse is 2.1% in Iranians aged 15-64 years, while reported rates are higher in studies that target industrial workplaces. Our study intends to provide a national picture of substance use among industrial workers in Iran.    Methods: This survey was designed to collect data through interviews and dipstick urine tests. Using a mu...

Adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is very crucial for successful treatment outcomes. This study aimed to validate patient-self report (PSR) and hospital based pill count (HoPC) as adherence determination methods by using unannounced home visit pill count (HPC). The study was carried out at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and 215 patients purposively selected were...