INTRODUCTION To reduce incidence of residual cholesteatoma following ear surgery; and to reduce the need for second look "open" mastoidectomy using endoscopic mastoidotomy. Ten-year retrospective chart review of 249 primary cholesteatoma cases (1994-2004) with a minimum follow-up of two years. The first objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of otoendoscopy in reducing the incidence of "ch...

this paper presents the results of a numerical study on the removal process of fluid particles under the influence of mixed convection in a horizontal channel with an open cavity. the bottom wall of the cavity is heated at a constant temperature (th), while the top wall is maintained at a relatively low temperature (tc). fluid with a uniform velocity (uo) and temperature (tc) is introduced into...

The open state of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels is associated with an increased stability relative to the pre-open closed states and is reflected by a slowing of OFF gating currents after channel opening. The basis for this stabilization is usually assigned to intrinsic structural features of the open pore. We have studied the gating currents of Kv1.2 channels and found that the stabili...

Abundance, growth rates and nutrient limitation of the heterotrophic bacteria present in the reef water column and reef cavity water were measured on a fringing reef at Curaçao (Netherlands Antilles). Bacterial in situ growth rates were measured using dialysis bags. Nutrient limitation was measured using bioassays with different amendments of inorganic nutrients (nitrate, ammonium, phosphate) a...

This paper presents the results of a numerical study on the heat transfer performance and the removal process of fluid particles under the influence of magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection in a horizontal channel with an open cavity. The bottom wall of the cavity is heated at a constant temperature (Th) while the top wall of the channel is maintained at a relatively low temperature (Tc). Air wi...

We present a composite optical cavity made of standard laser mirrors; the cavity consists of a suitable combination of stable and unstable cavities. In spite of its very open nature the composite cavity shows ray chaos, which may be either soft or hard, depending on the cavity configuration. This opens a convenient route for experimental studies of the quantum aspects of a chaotic wave field.

The three-dimensional field distribution of the diffractive cavity mode structure in an active, open, unstable laser resonator is presented as a function of the equivalent Fresnel number of the cavity. The active cavity mode structures are compared to that of the corresponding passive cavity so that the effects of a spatially extended, homogeneously broadened, saturable gain medium on the cavit...

This paper is concerned with the mathematical analysis of the time-domain Maxwell equations in a three-dimensional open cavity. An exact transparent boundary condition is developed to reformulate the open cavity scattering problem in an unbounded domain, equivalently, into an initial-boundary value problem in a bounded domain. The well-posedness and stability are studied for the reduced problem...