Delaying gratification is hard, yet predictive of important life outcomes, such as academic achievement and physical health. Prominent theories focus on the role of self-control, hypersensitivity to immediate rewards, and the cost of time spent waiting. However, delaying gratification may also require trust in people delivering future rewards as promised. To test the role of social trust, parti...

are displayed prominently in intraspecific interactions, such as aggressive or mating behavior. These animals thus use patterns of polarized light in the same way that other species use color patterns, providing a unique and therefore unmistakable appearance to visual systems capable of analyzing polarization patterns. Also, since the polarization pattern is independent of the spectrum of illum...

Traits spontaneously inferred from behaviors bind to actors’ faces (spontaneous trait inferences, or sTI), and can inappropriately bind to faces of persons deemed irrelevant to the behaviors (spontaneous trait transference, or sTT). Experiments 1 and 2 showed that sTT effects, while weaker than sTI, nevertheless occurred in the face of clear irrelevance instructions. Experiment 3 showed that sT...

Managing one’s identity across time and through major life changes is a key process in the life course. Yet, prominent theories of identity have not been adequately tested across age groups and through life transitions. Using longitudinal data from the National Study of Youth and Religion (N = 3,290), the basic hypotheses of identity theory are confirmed in explaining adolescents’ religious ide...

In this article I would present evidence to show that timing of the flow of neural signals within the ventral visual stream is a crucial part of the neural code for categorization of faces. We recorded the activity of 554 inferotemporal neurons from two macaque monkeys performing a fixation task. More than 1000 object images including human and non-primate animal faces were presented up to 10 t...

In this article I would present evidence to show that timing of the flow of neural signals within the ventral visual stream is a crucial part of the neural code for categorization of faces. We recorded the activity of 554 inferotemporal neurons from two macaque monkeys performing a fixation task. More than 1000 object images including human and non-primate animal faces were presented up to 10 t...

Prominent theories suggest that time and number are represented by a common magnitude system. However, distinct patterns of temporal and numerical processing occur in the presence of emotional stimuli, calling into question theories of a common magnitude system, while also unveiling questions regarding the mechanisms underlying these temporal and numerical biases. We tested whether numerical pr...