The most widely used technique to clean the objectives of a microscope, especially the 100X objective, involves wiping out of immersion oil from the same and its surrounding mount by a piece of lens paper or a soft piece of clean cotton cloth followed by a cloth dampened with small amount of xylol. The oil immersion objective is then dried immediately and cleaned with lens paper. Objectives sho...

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is a popular bone void filler for vertebroplasty. However, the use of PMMA has some drawbacks, including the material's excessive stiffness, exothermic polymerization, and short handling time. This study aimed to create an ideal modified bone cement to solve the above-mentioned problems. Modified bone cements were prepared by combining PMMA with three d...

Cement kiln dust produced in a local cement production plant in Saudi Arabia, along with fly ash resulting from combustion of heavy fuel oil in a local power generation plant were utilized as waste materials blended with ordinary Portland cement at various ratios. These blends were tested for their water requirements for normal consistency, initial setting times, and compression and tensile str...

Hydraulic cements develop mechanical strength and low permeability as a result of hydration, which involves chemical reactions between water and the anhydrous compounds present in the cement. Solid hydration products form both at the surfaces of the cement particles and in the pore space by nucleation and aggregation. As a result, the solid phase becomes highly connected and the material transf...