The present study assessed emotion regulation in response to chemosensory and visual stimuli. Using cognitive reappraisal, 40 female participants regulated their emotions in response to disgusting pictures and odors, while the startle reflex was elicited and emotion ratings were assessed. Participants reported feeling less negative, and less aroused, while down-regulating their emotions towards...

Odor discrimination times and their dependence on stimulus similarity were evaluated to test temporal and spatial models of odor representation in mice. In a go/no-go operant conditioning paradigm, discrimination accuracy and time were determined for simple monomolecular odors and binary mixtures of odors. Mice discriminated simple odors with an accuracy exceeding 95%. Binary mixtures evoking h...

Odor identification (OI) tests are increasingly used clinically as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to directly compare the neuronal correlates to identified odors vs. nonidentified odors. Seventeen females with normal olfactory function underwent a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment with postscanning assessment of spontaneous ...

28 Odor identification (OI) tests are increasingly used clinically as biomarkers for 29 Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to directly 30 compare the neuronal correlates to identified odors versus non-identified odors. 31 Seventeen females with normal olfactory function underwent an fMRI 32 experiment with post-scanning assessment of spontaneous un-cued OI. An even...

We compared behaviorally and physiologically the olfactory responses of slugs (Limax marginatus) that had been subjected to aversive, appetitive, or unpaired training with food odors (carrot or cucumber). In the aversive training, the slugs were exposed to the food odor as a conditioned stimulus (CS), and then quinidine sulfate solution as an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) was immediately applied...

In a series of five tests, liquid polyphosphate fertilizer solution was used to treat liquid dairy and swine manure to control odors. Potassium permanganate, a pesticide-wetting agent, nitrogen-zinc liquid fertilizer solution and a digestive deodorant were also used in several of the tests. All tests were evaluated by an odor panel for odor strength and odor quality. The polyphosphates did not ...

Species with similar resource requirements are commonly assumed to competitively exclude each other, unless they differentiate their ecological niches. Hence, parasitoid wasps that use the same host species need to find some way to avoid competition. The aim of this study was to identify the role of volatile cues from oilseed rape plants and the larval host in niche separation between three coe...

Humans vary in their ability to smell numerous odors [1-3], including those associated with food [4-6]. Odor sensitivity is heritable [7-11], with examples linking genetic variation for sensitivity to specific odors typically located near olfactory receptor (OR) genes [12-16]. However, with thousands of aromas and few deorphaned ORs [17, 18], there has been little progress toward linking variat...

OBJECTIVE To assess the role of odors in triggering or worsening migraine in men. METHOD Ninety-eight male migraineurs from the general population were assessed individually through questionnaires. Environmental factors relating to their migraine were reported, with special focus on the role of odors. RESULTS Odors were the second most frequent triggering factor for migraine attacks (48%), ...