In an excitable medium, wave breaks are essential for spiral wave formation. Although wave breaks can result from collisions between a wave and an obstacle, it is only when the resultant wave fragments separate from the obstacle ~wave-front–obstacle separation! that a spiral wave will begin to develop. We explored collisions between a piecewise linear obstacle and an incident wave front while v...

We first make a note on the use of infimum instead of minimum in Equation 4 of the paper. This is because BT may only exist in the limit. An example is shown in Figure 1, where M is made up of a horizontal sheet and a vertical, cylindrical sheet close to the horizontal sheet’s boundary. The two sheets meet at a non-manifold seam with a circular shape (dotted curve). The shortest exposing tree a...

plate heat exchangers are widely used in industries due to their special characteristics, such as high thermal efficiency, small size, light weight, easy installation, maintenance, and cleaning. the purpose of this study is to consider the effect of depth, angle, and pitch of hemispheric chevrons on the convective heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. in the simulation of the heat exchan...

The ability to selectively functionalise a specific C-H bond is a long-standing challenge due to the ubiquity of such bonds in organic molecules. One of the most common approaches to overcome this obstacle consists of installing directing groups into substrates to direct the functionalisation towards the desired C-H bond, leaving behind the directing group in the molecule. Alternatively, carbox...

An experimental investigation with dry granular flows passing over an obstacle down a rough inclined channel has been performed. The aim is to improve our understanding of the interaction between dense snow avalanches and defence structures. Specific attention was directed to the study of the zone of influence upstream from the obstacle, linked to the formation of a dead zone. The dead zone len...

This paper proposes a new strategy for obstacle deviation when a mobile robot is navigating in a semistructured environment. The proposed control architecture is based on a reactive approach, thus demanding low computational effort. It allows the robot to navigate from a starting point to a destination point without colliding to any obstacle in its path. The deviation from an obstacle is perfor...

Abstract: The path planning and obstacle avoidance are the most important tasks for an autonomous mobile robot moving in an unknown environment. This paper presents a simple fuzzy logic controller which involves searching target and path planning with obstacle avoidance. In this contest, fuzzy logic controllers are constructed for target searching behavior and obstacle avoidance behavior based ...

The design, construction, installation, and performance of the small angle rear tracking detector of the ZEUS experiment are described. The results on electron position measurement, electron energy correction , and background reduction at the rst level trigger are presented. The impact on the measurement of the proton structure function is discussed.

Abstract In this study, the effect of nailing angle on pull-out capacity nails in soil slopes was investigated using finite difference method with help FLAC 3D software. Initially, geometric model created at three different angles excavation slope (45°, 63°, and 80°). Considering Mohr–Coulomb behavioral applying physical parameters order to nail system, five rows angles, relative horizon, which...