To examine the roles of epigenetic modulation on hair follicle regeneration, we generated mice with a K14-Cremediated loss of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). The mutant shows an uneven epidermal thickness and alterations in hair follicle size. When formed, hair follicle architecture and differentiation appear normal. Hair subtypes exist but hair fibers are shorter and thinner. Hair numbers app...

Several recent studies have indicated that an enriched atmosphere of carbon dioxide (CO2) could exacerbate the intensity of plant invasions within natural ecosystems, but little is known of how rising CO2 impacts the belowground characteristics of these invaded systems. In this study, we examined the effects of elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N) inputs on plant and soil microbial community character...

We reported recently that regulation by intracellular pH (pH(i)) of the murine Cl-/HCO(3)(-) exchanger AE2 requires amino acid residues 310-347 of the polypeptide's NH(2)-terminal cytoplasmic domain. We have now identified individual amino acid residues within this region whose integrity is required for regulation of AE2 by pH. 36Cl- efflux from AE2-expressing Xenopus oocytes was monitored duri...

This paper estimates a pooled (fixed-effects) FDI investment function that seeks to identify some of the major economic and institutional determinants of FDI flows to nine major Latin American countries during the 1980-2001 period. First, it develops a conceptual framework of analysis that seeks to identify some of the major economic and institutional determinants of FDI. Second, the paper give...

A free vehicle benthic chamber has been used to define benthic nutrient fluxes on the Southern Oregon and Northern California shelf (90–200 m). We measured fluxes on two occasions, in the spring and fall of 2007, to assess variability in fluxes and bioirrigation rates. Chambers were also employed to assess the impact of changing oxygen content on benthic fluxes. Oxygen uptake rates are similar ...

Purpose: This paper examines the economic effects of the demographic transition in developing countries. Findings: Based on data from the World Bank and using a sample of forty-three developing economies, we find that the growth rate of per capita GDP is linearly dependent upon population growth, both the young and old dependency ratios, the mortality rate, and whether or not the rate of popula...

Current metre deployments, suspended sediment measurements and surface sediment samples were collected from three locations within distributary channels of the tidally dominated Fly River delta in southern Papua New Guinea. Net bedload transport vectors and the occurrence of elongate tidal bars indicate that mutually evasive ebband flooddominant transport zones occur in each of the distributary...

Cultural Diversity, Geographical Isolation, and the Origin of the Wealth of Nations This research argues that variations in the interplay between cultural assimilation and cultural diffusion have played a significant role in giving rise to differential patterns of economic development across the globe. Societies that were geographically less vulnerable to cultural diffusion benefited from enhan...

Phototrophic and heterotrophic nanoplankton (PNAN, HNAN; 2–20 mm protists) and microplankton (PMIC, HMIC; 20–200 mm protists and micrometazoa) are major taxa involved in partitioning carbon and energy within the pelagic food web. In the Ross Sea, Antarctica, plankton biomass appears to be controlled by the seasonal recession of the sea ice and the formation of the Ross Sea polynya during the sh...

The Danish National Aquatic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (NOVA) was launched in 1988 following the adoption of the first Danish Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment in 1987 with the aim to reduce by 50% the nitrogen (N) loading and by 80% the phosphorus (P) loading to the aquatic environment. The 14 years of experience gathered from NOVA have shown that discharges of total N (TN) and P...