This paper compares the geographic “reach” of knowledge flows from university inventions through two important channels: market contracts (licenses) and non–market “spillovers” exemplified by patent citations. We find that knowledge flows through market transactions to be more geographically localized than those operating through non–market spillovers. Moreover, the differential effects of dist...

This paper takes a new look at the e¤ects of mergers on innovation by analysing the relationship between ex-ante technological (and product) relatedness of acquirers and targets and post-merger performances. The analysis is conducted using data on consolidations in the pharmaceutical industry for the period 1988-2004. Empirical results show that merger deals are more likely to be signed between...

The ionizing photon escape fraction (LyC $f_{\rm{esc}}$) of star-forming galaxies is the single greatest unknown in reionization budget. Stochastic sightline effects prohibit direct separation LyC leakers from non-leakers at significant redshift. Here we circumvent this uncertainty by inferring $f_{\rm{esc}}$ with resolved (R>4000) LyA profiles X-SHOOTER survey z=2 (XLS-z2). We select ($f_{\rm{...

For studies of galaxy formation and evolution, one the major benefits James Webb Space Telescope is that space-based IFUs like those on its NIRSpec MIRI instruments will enable spatially resolved spectroscopy distant galaxies, including at scale individual star-forming regions in galaxies have been gravitationally lensed. In meantime, there only a very small subset lensed sources where work thi...

Abstract We present measurements of [Ne iii ] λ 3869 emission in z ∼ 1 low-mass galaxies taken from the Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopic surveys HALO7D and DEEPwinds. identify 167 individual with significant lines, including 112 “dwarf” log <mml:mo s...

The literature on R&D contests implicitly assumes that contestants submit their innovation regardless of its value. This ignores a potential adverse selection problem. The present paper analyzes the procurement of innovations when the procurer cannot commit to never bargain with innovators who bypass the contest. We compare fixed-prize tournaments with and without entry fees, and optimal scorin...

This paper analyzes the structure and functions of suppliers’ associations (kyoryokukai) in the automobile industry in Japan. The bilateral assembler-supplier relationship has received much attention recently as a source of Japanese industrial competitiveness. However, this paper argues that the hitherto neglected area of inter-supplier coordination in technology diffusion is at least as import...

The commercialization of university research has become an increasingly important issue, given concerns regarding licensing and the university’s desire to maximize the returns to intellectual property (IP). In this paper, we assess the impact of university resources and routines/capabilities on the creation of spin-out companies. We find that both the number of spin-out companies created and th...

In this paper, I analyze a dynamic model of a firm’s joint decisions to export and innovate, allowing both decisions to affect the firm’s production in accordance with selfselection and learning-by-exporting theories of firm-level export and production dynamics. I calibrate the model using Chilean manufacturing plant data from 2005 to 2007 and find that self-selection and learning-by-exporting ...