When it comes to a patient presenting with nystagmus there are a few issues that come into consideration. The main issues are whether the nystagmus is sensory or motor, whether it is the cause or the effect of vision problem, whether to investigate or not and whether to treat or not. To know whether the nystagmus is sensory or motor we should know the range of vision impairment, if associated d...

Classification of infantile nystagmus waveforms is an important problem because the characteristic waveforms can be used to distinguish between infantile and acquired nystagmus. A clear description of the nystagmus is also a necessary first stage in understanding its origin. Currently infantile nystagmus waveforms are classified into at least 12 different types. In this study we analyse a datab...

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) involving horizontal semicircular canal (HSCC) is characterized by direction-changing positional nystagmus (DCPN) in a supine roll test, and the occurrence of spontaneous nystagmus in HSCC BPPV has been reported recently. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of pseudo-spontaneous nystagmus (PSN) in patients with HSCC canalolithi...

BACKGROUND It is a common occurrence in the balance function laboratory to evaluate patients in the post-acute period following unilateral vestibular system impairment. It is important to be able to differentiate spontaneous nystagmus (SN) emanating from peripheral vestibular system impairments from asymmetric gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN) that originates from central ocular motility impairment. ...

BACKGROUND Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also named spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is the most common autosomal dominant ataxia worldwide. Although nystagmus is one of the most frequently reported ocular alterations in MJD patients its behaviour during the course of the disease, namely in its early stages, has only recently started to be investigated. The main goal of this work was to cha...

gmus, which were simultaneously induced not only from bitemporal but also from horizontal and vertical components of each eye separately. Following results were obtained. 1) Pathological finding in spontaneous nysta' gmus test was 54%, in ENG test was 81%, in both of spontaneous nystagmus test and ENG test was 86%, on the other hand, 65% was abnormal in caloric test. It showed that abnormal fin...

OBJECTIVES To study the relationship between the major horizontal and minor torsional components of congenital nystagmus to elucidate the diagnostic importance, effects on vision, and pathogenetic implications of the torsional components. METHODS We recorded the eye movements of 13 subjects with congenital nystagmus using a three-dimensional magnetic search coil technique over a 15-year perio...

PURPOSE To compare development of acuity in patients with isolated infantile nystagmus and infantile nystagmus associated with a visual sensory defect. METHODS Visual acuities in 57 children (1 month to 4 years of age) with infantile nystagmus were assessed by using Teller acuity cards oriented vertically during binocular viewing. Twenty-two had isolated infantile nystagmus, 21 had albinism, ...

In recent decades there has been marked progress in the imaging and laboratory evaluation of dizzy patients. However, detailed history taking and comprehensive bedside neurotological evaluation remain crucial for a diagnosis of dizziness. Bedside neurotological evaluation should include examinations for ocular alignment, spontaneous and gaze-evoked nystagmus, the vestibulo-ocular reflex, saccad...

Seesaw nystagmus (SSN) is characterized by conjugate torsional with opposite vertical components in the two eyes. The waveform may be pendular or jerk (hemi-seesaw nystagmus, HSSN), which slow phase corresponds to one half-cycle and quick other. Pendular SSN HSSN have distinct clinical presentations underlying causes. pathophysiology of instability visuovestibular interactions, while mechanism ...