AIMS A South-to-North gradient across Europe exists for the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) rates. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and CAD development. The aim of our study was to determine whether differences exist in the degree of LDL oxidation in stable CAD patients from different regions of Europe. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional m...

E. S. Wallace PhD, J. A. White PhD*, A. Downie FFOMt, G. Dalzell MDt and D. Doran BA§ Department of Sport and Leisure Studies and NIBEC, University of Ulster, County Antrim, Northern Ireland, UK, *Department of Public Health Medicine and Epidemiology, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK, tOccupational Health, Safety, and Environmental Services, Northern Telecom Europe Li...

The Nordic and Baltic countries and North-western Russia have >20 old native sheep breeds. These together with recently synthesized breeds and local populations of international breeds make up the northern European sheep diversity. Changes in agriculture threaten to erode genetic diversity in sheep. Molecular genetic variation was assessed to understand genetic diversity in northern European sh...

OBJECTIVE To compare clinical and pathological features of melanoma in Spanish patients with those of patients from Central or Northern Europe living in the health district of Costa del Sol Occidental in southern Spain. METHODS We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of all cases of primary cutaneous melanoma histologically confirmed between 2005 and 2011 in the health care district ...

The increasing importance of entrepreneurship for flourishing economic progression, innovation and job creation have raised the concerns of decision makers and researchers for the investigation of the dynamics that could have an influence on the entrepreneurial activity levels. Indeed, transformations in entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial activity levels are considerable, persistent and disti...

BACKGROUND In Europe skin melanoma (SM) survival has increased over time. The aims were to evaluate recent trends and differences between countries and regions of Europe. METHODS Relative survival (RS) estimates and geographical comparisons were based on 241,485 patients aged 15years and over with a diagnosis of invasive SM in Europe (2000-2007). Survival time trends during 1999-2007 were est...

BACKGROUND Important international differences exist in attitudes toward end-of-life issues in the intensive care unit. METHODS A simple questionnaire survey was sent by e-mail to participants at an international meeting on intensive care medicine. Respondents were asked to choose 1 of 3 to 5 possible answers for each of 4 questions related to the treatment of a hypothetical patient in a vege...

The Northern Ireland question is the key question all over the world. The question is not only close related to the Britain and the Republic of Ireland, but also influences on Europe political and economic situation. Besides it, it is more important for the stability of West Europe. This essay is to list the conflicts between the British government and the Irish Republican Army in 1970s, to ana...

Recent climate change has resulted in changes to the phenology and distribution of invertebrates worldwide. Where invertebrates are associated with disease, climate variability and changes in climate may also affect the spatio-temporal dynamics of disease. Due to its significant impact on sheep production and welfare, the recent increase in diagnoses of ovine haemonchosis caused by the nematode...