Classification of line-of-sight (LOS) or non-LOS (NLOS) propagation is critical for most pulsed ultrawideband localisation systems. In this letter, first, the authors propose a two-dimensional (2D) LOS/NLOS classification scheme that uses skewness of the channel impulse/pulse response, which has not been used by existing work. The log-likelihood ratio of the 2D LOS/NLOS classification is used t...

The issue of channel state information at the transmitter is investigated using MIMO channel measurements and by deriving expressions for ergodic and outage capacity in a Rayleigh fading channel. Expressions for bit error rates in Rayleigh fading channels are also presented for orthogonal space time block codes and for beamforming where the bit error rates in the beamforming case follow from th...

We propose Direct Position Estimation (DPE) utilizing non-line-of-sight (NLOS) GPS signals for urban navigation. In urban environments, buildings reflect GPS signals, leading to reception of NLOS GPS signals. In addition, buildings obstruct GPS signals, resulting in reduced GPS signal availability. We treat NLOS GPS signals as additional line-of-sight (LOS) GPS signals to virtual satellites at ...

The goal of this paper is to report the results of a comprehensive statistical analysis of the urban wireless channels, based on WCDMA field-measurements data. The applications of our study are in the area of WCDMA-based mobile phone positioning. The target here is the analysis of the Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non Line-of-Sight (NLOS) situations and of the statistical distributions of their param...

In this paper, Performance improvement techniques for two popular RSSI based indoor localization methods have been studied experimentally by using Wi-Fi modems. The improvement of RF Fingerprinting and RSSI Multi-lateration methods have been suggested from different aspects for both line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (nLoS) medium in an indoor environment. Various testing scenarios have ...

In this paper, the effect of spatial smoothing on performance of widely used stochastic narrowband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radio channel model, namely the Kronecker model, is investigated based on data measured in urban microcellular environment at 5.3 GHz carrier frequency. Results from non-line of sight (NLOS) and line of sight (LOS) traveling routes are analyzed. It is noticed ...

The effect of the carrier frequency on the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system eigenvalues is investigated experimentally in an indoor environment considering lineof-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. The results show a reduction of the mean power gain in the MIMO system eigenvalues due to a correlation increment between the spatial subchannels when the carrier freque...

Fixed broadband microwave communications are usually considered line-of-sight (LOS) technologies. Conventional wisdom holds that non-line-of-sight (NLOS) paths are of insufficient quality for broadband commercial deployments. However, it is possible that the only links available in an emergency deployment are NLOS paths. Since little work has been published regarding the usefulness of these cha...

We investigate localization of a source based on angle of arrival (AoA) measurements made at a geographically dispersed network of cooperating receivers. The goal is to efficiently compute accurate estimates despite outliers in the AoA measurements due to multipath reflections in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments. Maximal likelihood (ML) location estimation in such a setting requires exhaus...

This paper studies the location of the position method is developed by applying factual analysis on GSM base station (RSS) down link signal strength by using wavelet transform. The GSM received signal strength is converted in terms of wavelet bases and this method estimates the positioning of the mobile and personal tracking the position based systems are used to find a person or an object rela...