CYP3A4 probably has the broadest catalytic activity of any cytochrome P450. It is a crucial task to test new drug candidates in a reliable system for their ability to induce expression of this enzyme. Firstly, a total of 300 bp core distal enhancer of CYP3A4 XREM region (-7972/-7673) were amplified from human genomic DNA. The PCR product was then ligated into a human secretory alkaline phosphat...

Iningainema is a recently described genus of heterocytous, false-branching cyanobacteria originally from Australia. In this work, we present tapete sp. nov., isolated subaerial and terrestrial environments in central Florida (USA). comparison to the sister species, our novel cyanobacterium produces nodularin-R (NOD-R) methylated isoform [MeAdda3] NOD previously not reported within genus; additi...

Endogeneous retroviral expression in beta cells is a feature of prediabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. The purpose of this study was to characterize the class-specific pattern of retroviral gene expression in NOD/Lt beta cells versus a related, but diabetes-resistant strain, NON/Lt. Electron microscopic comparison of beta cells from both strains indicated low constitutive expression of th...

OBJECTIVE Vitamin D deficiency increases risk for type 1 diabetes in genetically predisposed individuals, while high doses of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)] prevent insulitis and diabetes in NOD mice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Since 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) regulates gene transcription through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), we investigated the role of VDR in diabetes development by crea...

KOIDE, Y., KAIDOH, T., NAKAMURA, M. and YOSHIDA, TO. Molecular Analysis of the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Insulitis in NOD Mice. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 173 (1), 157-170 Among diabetes-susceptibility genes in NOD mice, only Idd-1 has been clearly assigned: Idd-1 could be a gene complex composed of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, IA/3 and I -E. Employing restriction fra...

The nonobese diabetic (NOD) Nss1 and Idd5 loci have been associated with sialadenitis development in mice. In this study the NOD Nss1 and Idd5 loci were backcrossed onto the healthy control strain B10.Q by using the speed congenic breeding strategy, resulting in three congenic strains: B10.Q.Nss1, B10.Q.Nss1/Idd5 heterozygous and B10.Q.Nss1/Idd5 homozygous. We investigated the effects of the Ns...

In the establishment of the legume-rhizobial symbiosis, bacterial lipochitooligosaccharide signaling molecules termed Nod factors activate the formation of a novel root organ, the nodule. Nod factors elicit several responses in plant root hair cells, including oscillations in cytoplasmic calcium levels (termed calcium spiking) and alterations in root hair growth. A number of plant mutants with ...

The NOD mouse has been a critical tool in the quest to understand the genetic control of type 1 diabetes (T1D), and over 25 murine insulin-dependent diabetes (Idd) loci that modulate the natural history of T1D have been identified (1). Several of the candidate genes identified in NOD mice also play a role in human T1D, suggesting that dysregulated immune pathways in NOD may closely resemble tho...

By extending previous studies of the phenobarbital (PB)-responsive 132-base pair (bp) enhancer sequence in the CYP2B10 gene, we have delimited a 51-bp enhancer element that is fully inducible by PB in mouse primary hepatocytes. Sixteen structurally unrelated phenobarbital-type inducers activated the 51-bp enhancer element in transient transfection assays. The results thus indicate that most PB-...