Recent studies have shown that intracerebroventricular administration of cimetidine (CIM) induces anti-nociceptive and anti–inflammatory effects in rats. However, the underlying mechanism of CIM effect has not been determined yet. This study was planned to determine the anti-nociceptive effect of CIM (50 mg/kg, i.p.) in male mice (25-30 g, n = 80) using tail flick test. Also, the role of ATP-se...

This is the first examination of sensory receptive properties and associated electrophysiological properties in vivo of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that express the TTX-resistant sodium channel Na(v)1.9 (NaN). Intracellular recordings in lumbar DRGs in Wistar rats enabled units with dorsal root C-, Adelta-, or Aalpha/beta-fibers to be classified as nociceptive, low-threshold mechanorecep...

Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) can alleviate pain although the neural basis of this effect remains largely unknown. Besides, the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is thought to play a pivotal role in the sensori-discriminative aspects of pain perception but the analgesic effect of cTBS applied over S1 remains controversial. To investigate cT...

We have examined the effects of intrathecal (i.t.) injection of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist atropine on the clonidine-induced nociceptive effect in formalin-induced nociception in rats. The injection of 5% formalin into the hind paw caused biphasic nociceptive responses, and i.t. injection of clonidine inhibited both phases of the nociceptive response in a dose-dependent ma...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling is required for inflammatory nociceptive (pain) sensitization in Drosophila and vertebrates. Nociceptive sensitization in Drosophila larvae following UV-induced tissue damage is accompanied by epidermal apoptosis and requires epidermal-derived TNF/Eiger and the initiator caspase, Dronc. Major gaps remain regarding TNF function in sensitization, including th...

Peripheral nociceptive neurons encode and convey injury-inducing stimuli toward the central nervous system. In normal conditions, tight control of nociceptive resting potential prevents their spontaneous activation. However, in many pathological conditions the control of membrane potential is disrupted, leading to ectopic, stimulus-unrelated firing of nociceptive neurons, which is correlated to...

introduction: it is known that acute and chronic stress induce hormonal and neuronal changes which affecting both pain threshold and nociceptive behaviours. orexin plays an important role in modulation of pain and stress. considering pain modulation during stress and the role of orexin in pain and stress, orexin might be involved in pain modulation during stress.we evaluated the involvement of ...

Background: Pre-operative nociceptive thresholds are able to predict patients susceptible to developing post-operative chronic pain. Thresholds are dependent on stimulus properties (i.e. pulsewidth (PW), number of pulses (NoP), and inter-pulse interval (IPI)) and are related to different mechanisms in the nociceptive system. Measuring multiple thresholds enables a detailed observation of periph...

background: musculoskeletal pain is a major clinical problem, but researchers lack viable animal models to study this phenomenon. however, formalin injections are widely used to produce tonic and neurogenic nociceptive responses in rodents. rodents can present a potential animal model for pain. objectives: to develop a muscle pain model with intramuscular injection of formalin in rats. material...