It has been proposed that the enrichment in noble gases found by Galileo in Jupiter’s atmosphere can be explained by their delivery inside cold planetesimals. We propose instead that this is a sign that the planet formed in a chemically evolved disk and that noble gases were acquired mostly in gaseous form during the planet’s envelope capture phase. We show that the combined settling of grains ...

Introduction: An outstanding problem in the Earth and planetary sciences is the source and mechanism by which the Earth-like planets accreted their highly volatile elements. Unlike highly refractory elements, which preserve close to solar proportions in even quite evolved meteorites and the inner planets, moderately refractory and more volatile elements are depleted relative to the highly refra...

It has been proposed that the enrichment in noble gases found by Galileo in the atmosphere of Jupiter can be explained by their delivery inside cold planetesimals. We propose instead that this is a sign that the planet formed in a chemically evolved disc and that noble gases were acquired mostly in gaseous form during the envelope capture phase of the planet. We show that the combined settling ...

T he periodic table continues to evolve, as it has since the publication of the first widely recognized periodic table by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. There have been over 700 versions of the table of elements to date [1], with elements regularly being added, filling empty blocks of the table. An example is the late 19th century addition of a new column (group) of elements, the noble gases, by Wil...

Numerical simulations are employed to elucidate the physics underlying the enhanced femtosecond supercontinuum generation previously observed during optical filamentation in noble gases and in the presence of a weak seed pulse. Simulations based on the metastable electronic state approach are shown not only to capture the qualitative features of the experiment, but also reveal the relation of t...