Diffuse electron-beam ionized discharges break down into arc discharges under three different conditions: static (no discharge orE-beam), dynamic (discharge on) and pulsed (inductive) overvoltage at switch-off. Dynamic breakdown voltages are lower than static breakdown voltages but in normal operation the discharge "on" voltage is kept to a minimum. The maximum load voltage will only be present...

The evolution of spherical single-mass star clusters driven by two-body relaxation was followed beyond core collapse by numerically solving the orbit-averaged Fokker-Planck equation in energy–angular momentum space. The heating effect by three-body binaries was incorporated in the Fokker-Planck models. The development of velocity anisotropy after the core collapse is discussed in detail. The an...

An energy-spectrum bottleneck, a bump in the turbulence spectrum between the inertial and dissipation ranges, is shown to occur in the nonturbulent, one-dimensional, hyperviscous Burgers equation and found to be the Fourier-space signature of oscillations in the real-space velocity, which are explained by boundary-layer-expansion techniques. Pseudospectral simulations are used to show that such...

A variety of population oscillations, at frequencies approximately 5 Hz up to 200 Hz and above, can be induced in hippocampal slices either by (a) manipulation of the ionic environment, or (b) by stimulation of metabotropic receptors; brief oscillations can even occur spontaneously. In this review, we consider in vitro theta (4-12 Hz), gamma/beta (15-70 Hz), and very fast oscillations (VFO) (>7...

Flow boiling in microchannel heat sinks offers effective cooling for high-power electronics devices and compact exchangers many other industrial applications. However, flow instabilities, particular pressure drop oscillations, can occur these may reduce their performance by causing premature initiation of critical flux (CHF) or deterioration the transfer coefficient. Predicting occurrence sever...

Clonus is defined as an involuntary rhythmic muscle contraction that generally occurs in people who have sustained lesions involving descending motor pathways in the neuraxis, and is usually accompanied by other signs of reflex hyperexcitability such as spasticity. This paper hypothesizes that clonus arises when two conditions occur simultaneously: 1) the reflex pathway contains long delay time...

Spatial oscillations in soil contaminant concentration profiles are sometimes observed, but rarely commented on, or are attributed to noisy data. In this paper we consider a possible mechanism for the occurrence of oscillatory reactant profiles within contaminant plumes. The bioremediative reactions which occur are effected by bacteria, whose rôle is normally conceived of as being passive. Here...

Addition of Ca++ to rat liver mitochondria suspended in buffered 80 mM KC1 or NaCl causes activation of respiration, uptake of Ca++, and ejection of H+, followed by return of the respiratory rate to a resting steady state in which there are no further net movements of Ca++ and H+. However, when the KC1 concentration is only 20 mM, the Ca++-induced respiratory jump is followed by a period in whi...

Nested oscillations, where the phase of the underlying slow rhythm modulates the power of faster oscillations, have recently attracted considerable research attention as the increased phase-coupling of cross-frequency oscillations has been shown to relate to memory processes. Here we investigate the hypothesis that reactivations of memory patterns, induced by either external stimuli or internal...