The potential impact of ship emissions on concentrations of nitrogen oxides and reactive nitrogen compounds in the marine boundary layer is assessed using a global chemical transport model. The model predicts significant enhancements of these compounds over large regions, especially over the northern midlatitude oceans. This result is consistent with a recently published study, though the impac...

Solid molecular nitrogen (N2) may exist in large abundances in various low-temperature interstellar and solar system environments. Intense radiation fields can cause molecular nitrogen ice to undergo chemical alterations by cleaving the nitrogen–nitrogen triple bond. We have simulated this chemical processing by carrying out radiolysis experiments using energetic electrons on molecular nitrogen...

Cold agricultural regions are getting warmer and experiencing shifts in precipitation patterns, which affect hydrological transport of nutrients through reduced snowpack higher annual proportions summer rainfall. Previous work has demonstrated that the timing phosphorus (P) concentrations is regionally coherent streams northern Great Plains, suggesting a common climatic driver. There been less ...

Hot volcanic vents promote the thermal fixation of atmospheric N2 into biologically available forms. The importance of this process for the global nitrogen cycle is poorly understood. At Masaya volcano, Nicaragua, NO and NO2 are intimately associated with volcanic aerosol, such that NOx levels reach as much as an order of magnitude above local background. In-plume HNO3 concentrations are elevat...

We investigated the mechanical properties of nitrogen-containing graphene under tensile loading via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In the MD simulation, we used three types of potential functions: the second–generation reactive empirical bond order (REBO) potential for covalent C–C bonds, the Tersoff potential for covalent C–N bonds, and the Lennard–Jones potential for the interlayer inte...

We examined the potential effects of spatial heterogeneity and its development on the distribution, abundance, and functioning of nitrogen fixing and non-fixing components of a model ecosystem. CAECO, a spatially explicit individual based model approach, simulated the interactions between nitrogen fluxes and plant species community dynamics. Self-organized spatial patterns of nitrogen concentra...

BACKGROUND The responses of plant seeds and seedlings to changing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and precipitation regimes determine plant population dynamics and community composition under global change. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In a temperate steppe in northern China, seeds of P. tanacetifolia were collected from a field-based experiment with N addition and increased precipitati...

Contributions of secondary forest and nitrogen dynamics to terrestrial carbon uptake X. Yang, T. K. Richardson, and A. K. Jain Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA Received: 24 January 2010 – Accepted: 8 April 2010 – Published: 14 April 2010 Correspondence to: A. K. Jain ([email protected]) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European ...