Disease: West Nile virus (WNV) is commonly referred to as West Nile fever or West Nile encephalitis. It is a part of the viral family called Flaviviridae, genera flavivirus. [2] WNV is a single-stranded RNA virion that is encased in a lipid envelope. [2] WNV is usually a neurotropic virus, meaning that it tends to replicate and exert its effects within neurological related cells and regions (br...

In July-September 2012, one month earlier than in previous years, 13 confirmed human cases of West Nile virus infection were diagnosed in northern Italy, including five with neuroinvasive disease, three with West Nile fever, and five West Nile virus (WNV)-positive blood donors. In nine cases, the presence of the WNV lineage 1a Livenza strain, characterised in 2011, was ascertained. Symptomatic ...

background: geographic distribution of west nile virus (wnv) is heterogeneous in iran by a high circulation in the southern-western areas. the objective of our study was to determine environmental and climatic factors associ­ated with the risk of wnv equine seropositivity in iran. methods: serological data were obtained from a serosurvey conducted in equine population in 260 districts in iran. ...

rodlet cells are frequently found in teleost fishes and although their role in organisms is not completely understood. the occurrence of these cells are related to stress and may undergo changes in contaminated environments, thereby allowing their use as biomarkers. this hypothesis is tested in the present study. thirty specimens of oreochromis niloticus were divided into three groups, two grou...

From July to September 1999, a widespread outbreak of meningoencephalitis associated with West Nile virus (Flavivirus, Flaviviridae) occurred in southern Russia, with hundreds of cases and dozens of deaths. Two strains of West Nile virus isolated from patient serum and brain-tissue samples reacted in hemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization tests with patients' convalescent-phase sera and...

West Nile fever emerged in New York in the summer of 1999 when seven people, several horses and thousands of wild birds died. It was soon established that the human disease and the mortality of birds were related. Continued surveillance detected West Nile virus in mosquitoes, birds, horses, small mammals, bats and humans, and has shown its spread to several northeastern states. These events con...

INTRODUCTION A major outbreak of West Nile Virus was seen last year in different parts of the United States. Adequate dissemination of correct information about the disease would have helped decrease its spread and the associated panic in the general population. In this study, we looked into the use of YouTube as a resource for providing information about West Nile Virus infection. OBJECTIVE ...

The PC12 clone of pheochromocytoma cells undergoes neuronal differentiation in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF). Concomitant with this is a significant induction in the incorporation of radiolabeled fucose or glucosamine into a 230,000-dalton cell surface glycoprotein named the NGF-Inducible Large External, or NILE, glycoprotein (GP) (McGuire, J. C., L. A. Greene, and A. V. Furano (197...

Introduction: West Nile virus is an RNA virus that was first isolated in a patient in the West Nile province of Uganda 1937 and has since than spread to the Middle East, Europe, and found its way to the United States in 1999 when the first case of West Nile Virus was reported in Queens, NY. From 1999 to 2008, there have been a total of about 29,000 cases of which about 12,000 had neuroinvasive ...

780 BioScience • September 2005 / Vol. 55 No. 9 M ecologists and evolutionary biologists are familiar with the saga of the introduced Nile perch (Lates niloticus) in Lake Victoria. The explosion of the lake’s Nile perch population in the 1980s was monitored closely, because it coincided both with a fivefold increase in the economic value of the fishery (Reynolds et al. 1995) and with a halving ...