The carcinogenicity of nickel, chromium, arsenic, cobalt, and cadmium compounds has long been recognized. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in tumor formation are not well understood. The carcinogenic potential depends on metal species; major determinants are oxidation state and solubility. Two modes of action seem to be predominant: the induction of oxidative DNA damage and the interaction...

The determination of heavy metal ions, such as nickel, in environmental and biological samples is very importance and can hardly be overemphasized because they have undoubtedly a serious potential hazard to the human organism. Nickel was long thought to be essential to plants and some domestic animals[1], but not considered to be a metal of biological importance until 1975, when Zerner discover...

Occupational exposure to nickel compounds has been associated with lung and nasal cancers. We have previously shown that exposure of the human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells to NiCl(2) for 24 hr significantly increased global levels of trimethylated H3K4 (H3K4me3), a transcriptional activating mark that maps to the promoters of transcribed genes. To further understand the potential epigenetic m...

Nickel compounds are carcinogenic to humans, possibly through induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage macromolecules including DNA and proteins. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the role of the ROS-mediated Akt/apoptosis-regulating signal kinase (ASK) 1/p38 pathway in nickel-induced apoptosis. Exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) to nickel compounds ...

We have developed a nickel-catalyzed transformation, in which phthalimides react with trimethylsilyl-substituted alkynes in the presence of Ni(0)/PMe3/MAD catalyst to provide isoindolinones. The reaction process displays an unusual mechanistic feature-decarbonylation and alkylidenation. The use of both trimethylsilyl-substiuted alkynes and MAD was found to be essential for the transformation wi...

Nickel is a potent environmental pollutant in industrial countries. Because nickel compounds are carcinogenic, exposure to nickel represents a serious hazard to human health. The understanding of how nickel exerts its toxic and carcinogenic effects at a molecular level may be important in risk assessment, as well as in the treatment and prevention of occupational diseases. Previously, using hum...

The U.S. National Toxicology Program has shown clear evidence of carcinogenicity of nickel subsulfide (Ni(3)S(2)) and some evidence of carcinogenicity of NiO (green) in rats. In the present study, DNA damage in cultured cells and in lungs of rats induced by nickel compounds was investigated to clarify the mechanism of nickel carcinogenesis. In cultured HeLa cells, Ni(3)S(2) induced a significan...

The present study was performed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of Schiff base ligand derived from the condensation reaction of tryptamine (an indole derivative) and 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde (TNS) and its nickel (II) complex against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The compounds were orally administered with low (30 mg/kg) and high (60 mg/kg) doses to ulcer-induced Sprague-Dawley ...

People can ingest soluble nickel compounds as a normal constituent of food or as a contaminant in drinking water. This paper presents an assessment of the noncancer and cancer human health risks from ingestion of soluble nickel compounds. A reference dose (RfD) of 8 x 10(-3) mg Ni/kg/day in addition to the amount in food was calculated, based on albuminuria in female rats exposed to nickel sulf...

In the present study, the effect of post-rolling annealing heat treatment on the formation of intermetallic compounds between Al-Cu strips, in the presence of nickel coating on the Cu strips, was investigated. In addition, the effect of post-rolling annealing and intermetallic compounds on the bond strength of Al-Cu strips was evaluated. In order to prepare samples, Cu strips were coated with n...