Apparent shear stress acting on a vertical interface between the main channel and floodplain in a compound channel serves to quantify the momentum transfer between sub sections of this cross section. In this study, three soft computing methods are used to simulate apparent shear stress in prismatic compound channels. The Genetic Algorithm Artificial neural network (GAA), Genetic Programming (GP...

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) is an inducible transcription factor that positively regulates the expression of proimmune and proinflammatory genes, while glucocorticoids are potent suppressors of immune and inflammatory responses. NF-kappa B and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) physically interact, resulting in repression of NF-kappa B transactivation. In transient cotransfection experime...

Pneumonia is a serious respiratory tract infection disease in children, which threatens to the health or life of children patients. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) principle active ingredient extracted from root Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen with anti-inflammatory effect. Our study aimed determine effects and molecular mechanisms on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory injury lung fibrobla...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate involvement of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) in the increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) stimulated by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in primary rheumatoid synoviocytes. METHODS We treated early-passage rheumatoid synoviocytes with IL-1 beta and examined the time course of NF-kappa B translocation to the nucleus by Western blot ...

Baltimore, 1993), serine phosphorylation triggers a pro-*Inserm Unité 364 teolytic degradation of inhibitory subunits, called I␬B Faculté de Mé decine Pasteur proteins (Brockman et al. The activation of TFs by protein France kinases can directly couple events at cell surface recep-† Institute of Biochemistry tors to nuclear gene expression. STAT factors require Albert-Ludwigs-University only on...

NF-kappa B is an important transcription factor required for T cell proliferation and other immunological functions. The NF-kappa B1 gene encodes a 105-kD protein that is the precursor of the p50 component of NF-kappa B. Previously, we and others have demonstrated that NF-kappa B regulates the NF-kappa B1 gene. In this manuscript we have investigated the molecular mechanisms by which T cell lin...

The N-terminal nuclear export sequence (NES) of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) alpha (IκBα) promotes NF-κB export from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm, but the physiological role of this export regulation remains unknown. Here we report the derivation and analysis of genetically targeted mice harboring a germline mutation in IκBα NES. Mature B cells in the mutant mice displayed n...

Background—Nuclear factor-␬B (NF-␬B) signaling plays critical roles in physiological and pathological processes such as responses to inflammation and oxidative stress. Methods and Results—To examine the role of endothelial NF-␬B signaling in vivo, we generated transgenic mice expressing dominant-negative I␬B under the Tie2 promoter/enhancer (E-DNI␬B mice). These mice exhibited functional inhibi...

kinases that they directly activate, such as PAK (Bag-rodia et al. then activated by these proteins by a mechanism yet to be determined. MEKK1 then activates MKK4, which in While the signal transduction cascade leading to the activation of JNK is relatively well defined, the steps leading to the phosphorylation of I␬B␣ are poorly understood. Many of the stimuli that induce NF-␬B, such as Summar...