psa is a 33-kda serine protease that is produced predominantly by prostate epithelium. however, it has been shown that about 30-40% of female breast tumors produce psa and its production is associated with the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors. we have now developed a new tissue culture system to study psa production in breast cancer and its association with prognostic factors suc...

Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer that is negative for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and short-term prognosis of this type of cancer compared with other subtypes of breast cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 108 women with invasive breast cancer. The patie...

background &objective: breast cancer is the most common female malignancy. detection of dna of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) in breast carcinomas suggests that the virus may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of hpvs genotypes 6, 11, 16, 18 and 31 in paraffin-embedded tissue samples of invasive breast carcinomas. methods: thr...

abstract   background: due to the high incidence of breast cancer and the effect of its early diagnosis on decreasing morbidity and mortality, we used the gail model to study breast cancer risk in iranian women.   methods: this study was done in a simple randomized way. participants were 2000 iranian women older than 35 years old. the questionnaire consisted of demographic data such as age, rac...

Background: IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine which is involved in tumorigenesis. Over production of IL-10 and elevated number of IL-10 generating mononuclear cells in breast tumor tissue has already been shown. Objective: To determine the association of IL-10 promoter polymorphisms with increased risk of breast cancer and its association with breast cancer prognostic factors. Methods: Per...

abstract background: breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women in the western world. with breast cancer now affecting one in ten women, it is important to know how this disease burden is shared among women. aims: this study was undertaken to determine the survival rate of breast cancer in southern iran. methods and material: from december 2001 to december 2006, among 8000 hospital-base...

background: the impact of positive intramammary lymph node (im ln) on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer has been debated for years; likewise, the standard management of patients with positive im ln remains unclear, especially when it is identified by preoperative imaging or by sentinel lymph node biopsy. the present study aims at reviewing the level of concurrent involvement of im ln...

although breast tuberculosis still remains rare, but in endemic countries should be in differential diagnosis of breast cancer and abscess. imaging modalities cannot distinguish between cancer and tuberculosis. acid fast bacilli stain; culture and pcr are helpful diagnostic methods but unfortunately are not very sensitive. negative results do not rule out this diagnosis, so it seems definite di...