SO2emissions, the largest sourceof anthropogenic aerosols, can respond rapidly toeconomic and policy driven changes. However, bottom-up SO2 inventories have inherent limitations owing to 24–48months latency and lack of month-to-month variation in emissions (especially in developing countries). This study develops a new approach that integrates OzoneMonitoring Instrument (OMI) SO2 satellitemeasu...

AERMOD was used to model the air dispersion of point and major line emissions of PM2.5 in Halifax and Pictou, NOX in Halifax and SO2 in Halifax, Sydney and Port Hawkesbury, Nova Scotia, Canada. Emission inventory data for 2004 were used in simulations within four, 50 km x 50 km, domains over annual, monthly and 1–hour averaging periods. Annual averaged surface concentration maps are reported...

Continuous measurements of meteorological parameters, gaseous pollutants, particulate matters, and the major chemical species in PM2.5 were conducted in urban Hangzhou from 1 September to 30 November 2013 to study the potential sources and formations of PM2.5 pollution. The average PM2.5 concentration was 69 μg ̈m ́3, ~97% higher than the annual concentration limit in the national ambient air qua...

In the early 1990s, it was projected that annual SO2 emissions in Asia might grow to 80-110 Tg yr(-1) by 2020. Based on new high-resolution estimates from 1975 to 2000, we calculate that SO2 emissions in Asia might grow only to 40-45 Tg yr(-1) by 2020. The main reason for this lower estimate is a decline of SO2 emissions from 1995 to 2000 in China, which emits about two-thirds of Asian SO2. The...

Background: Air pollution and concerns about health impacts have been raised in metropolitan cities like Tehran. Trend and prediction of air pollutants can show the effectiveness of strategies for the management and control of air pollution. Artificial neural network (ANN) technique is widely used as a reliable method for modeling of air pollutants in urban areas. Therefore, the aim of current ...

In this article, we present satellite data analysis of atmospheric Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) from volcanic eruptions and anthropogenic activities. Data from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) on board ERS-2 for the years 1996 to 2002 is analyzed using a DOAS based algorithm with the aim of retrieving SO2 Slant Column Densities (SCDs). Difficulties in the retrieval of SO2 SCDs due to instrumen...

background: in recent years, the accreditation of nursing education in iran, especially in clinical field has been felt acutely. yet there are not compiled standards at the same time. accordingly, the researchers in this study tried to develop the national accreditation standards for clinical nursing education derived from international standards. methods: this research is a triangulation study...

background: the international drug abuse standards were achieved by review of a vast meta-analysis in the world and released 2 years ago in vienna. review of national programs in recent 20 years and conformity of them is the main objective of this presentation. methods: based on research that was supported by unodc and dchq, the demand reduction program in iran at the mentioned time was studied...