Brazil is a world benchmark in combating smoking and promoting actions through the National Program for Tobacco Control and other Risk Factors for Cancer (PNCTOFR). This literature review was conducted in order to outline the actions of PNCTOFR and identify evidence of their effectiveness in reducing the prevalence of smoking in Brazil. The documents available in the electronic portals of INCA,...

islamic republic of iran, considering specified guidelines in the horizon of the perspective, as pays attention to annually reducing the maximum number of traffic deaths, tries to minimize the rate of traffic fatalities until 2025 horizon. in order to reduce traffic injuries, iranian traffic police ,through preparing resources, inter-organizational coordinations, using modern technologies, usin...

This paper estimates the cost to the National Health Service of decisions made by a trainee general practitioner during two consecutive weeks. By extrapolation of the cost of these actions (issuing prescriptions, issuing National Insurance certificates, requesting investigations, and initiating hospital referrals), the annual cost of a general practitioner in the National Health Service is at l...

in this work we deal with actions of vector groupoid which is a new concept in the literature‎. ‎after we give the definition of the action of a vector groupoid on a vector space‎, ‎we obtain some results related to actions of vector groupoids‎. ‎we also apply some characterizations of the category and groupoid theory to vector groupoids‎. ‎as the second part of the work‎, ‎we define the notion...

PROBLEM In Thailand, antimicrobial resistance has formed a small component of national drug policies and strategies on emerging infectious diseases. However, poor coordination and a lack of national goals and monitoring and evaluation platforms have reduced the effectiveness of the corresponding national actions. APPROACH On the basis of local evidence and with the strong participation of rel...