Conflicts between ethnic groups can threaten group survival and exacerbate son preference in conformity with the traditional role of men as defenders. We study impact Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh region on subnational variation sex ratios among children Armenia that has one world’s highest at birth. Difference-in-differences analysis shows communities closer to have higher ...

This paper analyzes the war in Nagorno-Karabakh between Armenia and Azerbaijan 2020, called Second War won by Azerbaijan. In addition to military analysis, research was also carried out on topic of political, economic security circumstances that preceded outbreak armed conflict, with special emphasis role key foreign policy actors, primarily Russia, Turkey Iran. Special attention paid position ...

Several decades ago, Gayatri Spivak asked the pertinent question about whether subaltern can speak. 1 Posed in distinct context of Western colonial empire, her interrogation remains relevant to this day: Can those confined lower rungs an informally hierarchical, Western-dominated liberal international order be expected speak, and heard, ways that respect their agency? The 2020 war around Nagorn...

Conflict, war and the resultant displacement of populations increase risk for infectious disease transmission. Forced migration, loss safe shelter, livelihood interrupted access to clean water, electricity healthcare all lead increases in epidemic risk. Refugees displaced people are uniquely vulnerable COVID-19. The chaos its aftermath override population health education messages wear a mask, ...

1992 yılında Ural-Altay dil ailesinden gelen ve birbirleriyle birliği olan Türkiye ile birlikte Güney Kafkasya’da Azerbaycan, Orta Asya’da Kazakistan, Özbekistan Kırgızistan’ın bir araya gelmesiyle kültürel birlikteliği sağlamak, ekonomik politik problemleri çözmek amacıyla Türk Dili Konuşan Ülkeler İşbirliği Zirveleri süreci başlatılmıştır. Bu süreç 2009 Konseyi’ne dönüşerek örgütsel bütünleşm...

INTRODUCTION Health care in post-war situations, where the system's human and fixed capital are depleted, is challenging. The addition of a frozen conflict situation, where international recognition of boundaries and authorities are lacking, introduces further complexities. CASE DESCRIPTION Nagorno Karabagh (NK) is an ethnically Armenian territory locked within post-Soviet Azerbaijan and one ...

Wars are frequent and can affect land use substantially, but the effects of wars vary greatly depending on their characteristics, such as intensity or duration. Furthermore, spatial scale differ. The may be localized thus close to conflict locations if direct mechanisms matter most (e.g., abandonment because active fighting precludes farming), wide-ranging, e.g., farther away from locations, in...