We propose a new class of algebraic structure named as (m, n)-semihyperring which is a generalization of usual semihyperring. We define the basic properties of (m, n)-semihyperring like identity elements, weak distributive (m, n)semihyperring, zero sum free, additively idempotent, hyperideals, homomorphism, inclusion homomorphism, congruence relation, quotient (m, n)-semihyperring etc. We propo...

We show how the classical notions of cohomology with local coefficients, CW-complex, covering space, homeomorphism equivalence, simple homotopy tubular neighbourhood, and spinning can be encoded on a computer used to calculate ambient isotopy invariants continuous embeddings N ↪ M one topological manifold into another. More specifically, we describe an algorithm for computing homology H n ( X ,...

In a recent paper [1], a systematic construction of integrable Hamiltonians with coalgebra symmetry has been proposed. Such procedure can be applied to any Poisson coalgebra (A,∆) with generators Xi, i = 1, . . . , l and Casimir element C(X1, . . . , Xl) as follows. Let us consider the N -th coproduct ∆(Xi) of the generators and the m-th order (2 ≤ m ≤ N) coproducts ∆(m)(C) of the Casimir opera...

Perfect maps, factors and multifactors can be viewed as higher dimensional analogues of de Bruijn cycles and factored versions of these cycles. We present a unified framework for two basic techniques, concatenation and integration (also called the inverse of Lempel’s homomorphism), used to construct perfect multifactors. This framework simplifies proofs of known results and allows for extension...

We study the quantum ( $$C^*$$ ) convexity structure of normalized positive operator valued measures (POVMs) on measurable spaces. In particular, it is seen that unlike extreme points under classical convexity, -extreme POVMs countable spaces (in particular for finite sets) are always spectral (normalized projection measures). More generally shown atomic spectral. A Krein–Milman type theorem ha...

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to introduce ‐maps (), which describe higher homotopy normalities, and study their basic properties examples. An ‐map defined with homotopical conditions. It shown that a homomorphism an if only there exists fiberwise maps between projective spaces some properties. Also, the quotient be ‐space its LS category not greater than . As application, we investigat...

Let $R$ be a ring and $M$ a right $R$-module with $S=End_R(M)$. A module $M$ is called semi-projective if for any epimorphism $f:Mrightarrow N$, where $N$ is a submodule of $M$, and for any homomorphism $g: Mrightarrow N$, there exists $h:Mrightarrow M$ such that $fh=g$. In this paper, we study SGQ-projective and $pi$-semi-projective modules as two generalizations of semi-projective modules. A ...

Given two graphs G = (VG, EG) and H = (VH , EH), a homomorphism from G to H is a function f : VG → VH such that for every uv ∈ EG, f(u)f(v) ∈ EH . A homomorphism from G to H is referred to as an H-colouring of G and the vertices of H are regarded as colours. The graph H is called the target of the homomorphism. These definitions extend to directed graphs by requiring that the mapping must prese...

Let A be an arbitrary symmetrizable Cartan matrix of rank r, and n = n+ be the standard maximal nilpotent subalgebra in the Kac-Moody algebra associated with A (thus, n is generated by E1, . . . , Er subject to the Serre relations). Let Ûq(n) be the completion (with respect to the natural grading) of the quantized enveloping algebra of n. For a sequence i = (i1, . . . , im) with 1 ≤ ik ≤ r, let...

Let K and L be lattices, and let φ be a homomorphism of K into L. Then φ induces a natural 0-preserving join-homomorphism of ConK into ConL. Extending a result of A. Huhn, the authors proved that if D and E are finite distributive lattices and ψ is a 0-preserving join-homomorphism from D into E, then D and E can be represented as the congruence lattices of the finite lattices K and L, respectiv...