filling defects are often observed on 99mtc sulfur colloid liver scans. hot spots are much less frequently seen. superior vena cava syndrome is the most frequent cause of this finding. in this report 3 patients with s.v.c and budd - chiari syndrome with hot spot on liver scan are presented. mechanisms of scintigraphic patterns are reviewed.

It is uncommon for thyroid cancer to present with superior vena cava syndrome. Obstruction of superior vena cava can develop as a result of intrinsic and extrinsic spread of the thyroid cancer. The usual presentation of this disease entity is a neck mass with symptoms and signs suggestive of superior vena cava obstruction. Superior vena cava obstruction is commonly caused by lung cancer and lym...

Superior vena cava syndrome results in obstruction of the superior vena cava and commonly requires intervention. Stents are often used to increase the patency of the vena cava and to prevent reocclusion. The role of antithrombotic therapy and agents to use has been highly debated due to stent location, hematologic complications, and limited clinical evidence available on the topic. This comment...

Superior vena cava syndrome is a clear sign for clinicians of infiltrative mediastinal involvement, usually caused by neoplasms in this location, and it is an indicator of poor prognosis. However, other diseases of benign origin can also cause these alterations. We present the case of a 34-year-old patient who debuted with symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome due to idiopathic mediastinal fi...

The superior left vena cava with the absent superior vena cava is a rare abnormality, especially when associated with total heart block. We report a case of a patient in which the presence of superior left vena cava and the absence of the superior vena cava was detected during the implantation of a pacemaker for the correction of a total heart block, which led us to use a different technique fo...

Superior vena cava syndrome is most often caused by lung carcinoma. Two cases are described in whom venous obstruction in the superior mediastinum was caused by local vascular fibrosis due to radiotherapy five and seven years earlier. The development of radiation injury to greater vessels is discussed, together with the possibilities for treatment of superior vena cava syndrome.

A case is reported of an intracardiac 'epithelial heterotopia' with a predominant mesenchymal component. This is thought to have resulted from the differentiation of aberrant primitive cell(s) displaced into the heart during its development. Though microscopically resembling a myxoma, this lesion is clearly distinguished by the presence of glandular structures. The myxoid component exhibited a ...

Left atrial reduction is a surgical technique that has been proposed for eliminating chronic atrial fibrillation associated with mitral valve disease. A potential complication of the technique is the unnoticed rotation of the heart while the left atrium is anastomosed. Such an event makes it impossible to reconstruct the superior vena cava, leading to superior vena cava syndrome due to the rota...

Superior vena cava syndrome comprises various symptoms and signs resulting from the obstruction of the superior vena cava and resulting in reduced blood flow. Superior vena cava may occur secondary to a variety of conditions, but malignant etiologies are the most common. Usually, the diagnosis is based on a quite clear clinical presentation. Patient with acute presentation can develop life-thre...

A 66 year old woman presented in extremis with symptoms and clinical and radiological signs of simultaneous obstruction of superior vena cava and middle lobe of right lung secondary to compression by a massive benign anterior mediastinal cyst. Excision of the cyst at median sternotomy resulted in complete resolution of all symptoms. This report is unusual on account of a) the concomitant presen...