BACKGROUND This study evaluated the performance of novel quantitative T1 and T2 mapping cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques to identify active myocarditis in patients with recent-onset heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-one consecutive patients with recent-onset heart failure, reduced left ventricular function and clinically suspected myocarditis underwent endomyocardial...

Viral myocarditis is the most common heart disease in infants, children, young adults and pregnant women. Although a number of viruses from different genera, such as adenovirus, hepatitis C virus (HCV), parvoviruses and cytomegalovirus have been reported to cause myocarditis (Bowles et al., 2003; Kindermann et al., 2008; Kuhl et al., 2005a; Kuhl et al., 2005b; Kyto et al., 2005; Mahrholdt et al...

Eosinophilic myocarditis is recognized by severe heart failure and marked eosinophilia infiltration resulting from different etiologies. Acute necrotizing eosinophilic myocarditis, the initial presentation of the disease, is rare and often fatal, with unique echocardiographic pictures, and followed by endocardial thrombosis and chronic endomyocardial fibrosis. We report a young female with acut...

Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of the myocardium, and it presents with different clinical pictures, its diagnosis has some difficulties. The prognosis myocarditis aetiology-dependent, treatment fundemantally supportive except for “endometrial biopsy proven” cases which requires spesific therapies including immunomodulators intravenous immunoglobulins. SARS-CoV-2 affects cardiovascular s...

Background Myocarditis is an inflammatory cardiac disease with a wide range of symptoms and various etiologies. The diagnostic workup and the treatment of myocarditis remain highly controversial. Therefore, there is a high demand for reliable animal models. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) represents a model of human myocarditis and heart failure. In this study we investigated the hist...

In human myocarditis and its sequela dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the mechanisms and immune phenotype governing disease and subsequent heart failure are not known. Here, we identified a Th17 cell immunophenotype of human myocarditis/DCM with elevated CD4+IL17+ T cells and Th17-promoting cytokines IL-6, TGF-β, and IL-23 as well as GM-CSF-secreting CD4+ T cells. The Th17 phenotype was linked wit...

BACKGROUND In patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), the absent or diminished dystrophin leads to progressive skeletal muscle and heart failure. We evaluated the role of myocardial inflammation as a precipitating factor in the development of heart failure in DMD. METHODS 20 DMD patients (aged 15-18 yrs) and 20 age-matched healthy volunteers were studied and followed-up for 2 years. ...

Parvovirus B19 is a well-established cause of fetal anemia and nonimmune fetal hydrops in pregnancy. Fetal parvovirus infection can cause severe destruction of erythroid progenitor cells, resulting in fetal anemia, hydrops, and intrauterine death. However, viral myocarditis with subsequent heart failure is another possible mechanism for hydrops formation as viral infection of fetal myocardial c...

We report a rare case of fulminant myocarditis that was considered to have smoldered for a few months before it finally exteriorized. An 80-year-old man had had two episodes of mild congestive heart failure with preserved ejection function (HFPEF) within 3 months before he was finally admitted for the treatment of rapidly progressive heart failure. Cardiac function deteriorated remarkably on th...

INTRODUCTION Viral myocarditis can lead to heart failure that is refractory to medication. In these cases, a ventricular assist device is a good therapeutic option that can be used as a bridge to transplantation or recovery. We describe the first case in Portugal of recovery with ventricular assistance after severe myocarditis. CASE REPORT A five-year-old boy with no previous cardiac disease ...