On the basis of our collective experience we have reviewed the disposition of the cardiac conduction tissues as they might be observed by the surgeon in both normal and abnormal hearts. The sinus node lies subepicardially in the terminal sulcus; because of its variable blood supply the entire superior cavoatrial junction is a potential danger area. There are no morphologically discrete tracts e...

UNLABELLED The evaluation of myocardial damage by [123I] 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(R,S)-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) imaging, which represents free fatty acid metabolism, has not been reported in patients with Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy (DMD). To date, the relationship between clinical stage, prognosis and myocardial damage has not been evaluated by radionuclear cardiac imaging. The main g...

It is sometimes thought that formation of the atrioventricular septum is equated with fusion of the endocardial cushions and that failure of fusion can explain all deficiencies of atrioventricular septation. Clearly, this is simplistic, but the exact contribution of different primordia to atrioventricular septation is not well understood. To clarify this, we studied normal mouse embryos (days 1...

Ventricular septal defect, alone or in combination with other cardiac malformations, is the commonest form of congenital heart disease in man. Morphogenically, the ventricular septum is composed of three parts: (a) the conal septum, (b) the septum of the endocardial cushions, and (c) the muscular septum proper. Consequently, most cono-truncal abnormalities (transposition of the great arteries, ...

Hearts with Fallot's tetrad from 33 children dying at the age from 14 days to 8 years were studied. Analysis of the morphological features of the defect revealed its typical anatomic signs: anteroleft shift of conic septum (oblique orientation); reorientation of the structures of inflow and outflow parts of the right ventricle infundibular pulmonary stenosis the occurrence of which may be due t...

Ventricular septal defect, alone or in combination with other cardiac malformations, is the commonest form of congenital heart disease in man. Morphogenically, the ventricular septum is composed of three parts: (a) the conal septum, (b) the septum of the endocardial cushions, and (c) the muscular septum proper. Consequently, most cono-truncal abnormalities (transposition of the great arteries, ...

This is a report on the anatomical findings of 6 cases of typical Ebstein's anomaly found in a review of 1300 autopsy specimens. In addition 2 cases with pulmonary atresia and 1 with atresia of the malformed tricuspid valve showing morphologically similar anomalies were found, as well as 29 cases with tricuspid valvular dysplasia (21 of them coexisting with pulmonary atresia with intact ventric...

Identification and surgical closure of apical muscular ventricular septal defects are associated with certain morbidity and mortality because of their location in the ventricular septum distal to the moderator band, making adequate visualization and complete closure from the right atrium almost impossible. However, the precise margins of apical VSDs can be readily identified by a small apical r...

This study was prompted by the need felt by our surgical colleagues for more accurate localization of the defect in the interventricujlar septum, as a high proportion of children undergoing operation for closure of these defects was noted to have large or multiple defects. Defects in the interventricular septum occur both in the membranous and muscular parts of the septum, and they may be singl...

DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160045 A 21 year-old male patient was admitted with symptoms of exertional dyspnea and palpitation. The physical examination revealed a grade 3/6 systolic murmur, best heard over the left 3-4th intercostal space. Transthoracic echocardiography disclosed a separate chamber (asterisk) in the interventricular septum. The apical portion of the chamber consisted of muscle tissue a...