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background: there have  been  several studies  done  on the role of metals in the occurrence  of multiple sclerosis (ms) disease, but their roles have not been confirmed yet. because of the lack of information on this issue, this study compared  the  serum  level  of  copper and zinc in ms patients with their levels in a control group. methods: this  was  an  analytical,  cross-sectional  study...

multiple  sclerosis  (ms) is  an  autoimmune  multifactorial  degenerative  disease  with detrimental affliction on central nervous system. mhc class i chain- related genea,b(mica and micb) are nonclassical human leukocyte antigens that can affect on some diseases and also on transplantation. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the mica and micb mrna expression in multiple sclerosis patie...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is an inflammatory disorder, in which neurons in central nervous system (cns) become demyelinated .ms is named for its formation of plaques due to sclerosis of myelin. variable degree of demyelination results in mild, mediate or severe symptomatic episodes of this disease. it is commonly characterized by recurrent relapses and often followed by severe neurological disabi...

patients and methods in this study, a total of 92 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (rrms) were randomly allocated into three equal groups; each treatment group received one of the foregoing drugs (cinnovexr, rebif and betaferon) for one year. at the beginning and end of the study, patients ‘ edss was measured and compared. results in this study, the relative frequency of fem...

results when the two ms groups were compared together, we found that cr was significantly increased (p value=0.008) and naa/cr was significantly decreased (p value=0.03) in non-enhancing lesions in ppms compared with rrms. there was no significant difference in naa, cho or naa/cho between the two ms subtypes. conclusion mrs is a potential way to differentiate ppms and rrms. objectives we compar...

background: cognitive  impairment  is one of the  most crucial disorders  among  multiple  sclerosis (ms) patients. since  ms  is  an inflammatory disease   and   boswellia papyrifera has anti-inflammatory effects, the influence of b. papyrifera  on  cognitive  impairment   in  ms patients   has been investigated  in the present study. methods: in this clinical trial, 80 ms patients  who referr...

abstract background: fatigue is the most common and highly disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (ms) that has negative effects on employment, the process of socialization, compliance with the disease, and other factors effective on activities of daily living. the usage of complementary and alternative medicine methods in ms patients is higher than in the general population. however, there is...

background: mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) with their potential to differentiate into mesodermal and non-mesodermal lineages have several immunomodulatory characteris-tics. these properties make them promising tools in cell and gene therapy. objective: to evaluate the potential therapeutic applications of autologous msc in improving clinical manifestations of ms patients. methods: ten patients w...