The rise of geostrategic rivalry between the United States and China is changing international cooperation. As seeks new influence to contain reduce its own obligations, three dimensions multilateralism are becoming particularly important. first management superpower rivalry, through formal treaties, informal arrangements among states, institutions. second capacity leadership any institution fo...

Established in 1995, the UNU/Institute of Advanced studies (UNU/IAS) is an advanced research and education institution with a flexible and multi-thematic programme orientation concerned with the interactions of social and natural systems. For the initial years, the UNU/IAS programme is directed at sustainable development issues. To this end, the UNU/IAS is currently active in the following rele...

The paper examines the strategic stability and the e¢ ciency of free trade networks. We reconsider the endogenous tari¤ model introduced by Goyal and Joshi (2006). Di¤erent from their analysis with myopic countries, we adopt a new solution concept, pairwise farsighted stable set (Herings, Mauleon and Vannetelbosch, 2009, GEB), to examine the formation of free trade agreements (FTAs) as a networ...

the european countries' stances towards bush's pre-emptive war were hard. this has been caused by some factors; first, the political european tradition of balance of power in regional and international system is still continuing. second, the pre-emptive war has led to an increase of u.s mobility power in european security field. and at last the pre-emptive war has led to fractions and...

Multilateralism is in crisis. States increasingly contest, undermine and even withdraw from international organisations other multilateral institutions. Challenges emanate not only emerging powers but also established Western states civil society. No actor the EU more intimately entangled with multilateralism. This article therefore reviews to what extent how has actively sustained institutions...

the european countries' stances towards bush's pre-emptive war were hard. this has been caused by some factors; first, the political european tradition of balance of power in regional and international system is still continuing. second, the pre-emptive war has led to an increase of u.s mobility power in european security field. and at last the pre-emptive war has led to fractions and...

This paper analyses GATT/WTO trade negotiations in an oligopolistic multicountry setting and identifies a new rationale for trade agreements. When set unilaterally, tariffs are inefficiently high, both for familiar terms-of-trade reasons, but also to restrict market access of foreign firms. Trade agreements neutralise both the terms-of-trade and the market-access externalities and help countrie...