integrated production-distribution planning (pdp) is one of the most important approaches in supply chain networks. we consider a supply chain network (scn) to consist of multi suppliers, plants, distribution centers (dcs), and retailers. a bi-objective mixed integer linear programming model for integrating production-distribution designed here aim to simultaneously minimize total net costs in ...

Co-evolutionary algorithms are evolutionary algorithms in which the given individual’s fitness value estimation is made on the basis of interactions of this individual with other individuals present in the population. In this paper agent-based versions of co-operative co-evolutionary algorithms are presented and evaluated with the use of standard multi-objective test functions. The results of e...

The traditional four-step model has been widely used in travel demand forecasting by considering trip generation, trip distribution, modal split and traffic assignment sequentially in a fixed order. However, this sequential approach suffers from the inconsistency among the level-of-service and flow values in each step of the procedure. In the last two decades, this problem has been addressed by...

Trip distribution is the second important stage in the 4-step travel demand forecasting. The purpose of the trip distribution forecasting is to estimates the trip linkages or interactions between traffic zones for trip makers. The problem of trip distribution is of non-linear nature and Neural Networks (NN) are well suited for addressing the non-linear problems. This fact supports the use of ar...

this paper presents a multi-objective formulation for optimal siting and sizing of distributed generation (dg) resources in distribution systems in order to minimize the cost of power losses and energy not supplied. the implemented technique is based on a genetic algorithm (ga) and weight method that employed to obtain the best compromise between these costs. simulation results on 33-bus distri...

in this paper, the distribution network for multi-level supply chain has been studied. products produced in factories are sent to customers through warehouses and distribution centers based on specific demands. warehouses as holding inventory facilities are located close to factories and the distribution centers are placed in the most accessible locations for services near customers. each item ...

The multi-objective optimization for a multi-product multi-period four-echelon supply chain network consisting of manufacturing plants, distribution centers (DCs) and retailers each with uncertain services and uncertain customer nodes are aimed in this paper. The two objectives are minimization of the total supply chain cost and maximization of the average number of products dispatched to custo...

Most cities around the world are in danger of disasters. Among disasters, the earthquake is the most dangerous and ruining one. Iran has been located in the Alpine-Himalayas seismic belt, and because of the significant frequency of severe earthquakes happening all over the country compare to other countries and the state of the unsecured residential and non-residential buildings in most of the ...