In the history of exchanges between Islamicate and Sanskrit astral sciences, Nityānanda's Siddhāntasindhu (c. early 1630s), composed at court Mughal emperor Shāh Jahān (r. 1628─58), is among earliest examples a Persian astronomical text translated into Sanskrit. an earlier study, Misra (2021) described sociohistorical context in which Nityānanda Mullā Farīd's Zīj-i Jahānī 1629/30) Sanskrit, oth...

the term divine favor in mullā ṣadrā’s transcendental philosophy means divine essential knowledge that is the origin of objective actualization of action and the best order. in addition, divine knowledge is also considered as common between the essential and actual attributes. therefore, divine knowledge can be analyzed in terms of essential (divine knowledge) and actual (the best order). the m...

Abstract The problem of the goodness God, freedom man and origin Evil, i.e. theodicy, proves to be particularly acute in Twelver Shiʿi Islam, because historical awareness evil within community fundamental dualism, metaphysical as well moral, doctrine. However, this was subject various essays by Iranian philosophers Neoplatonic inspiration, trying harmonize teachings tradition (i.e. ḥadīṯ s attr...