The sternal gland of primitive termites of the genus Zootermopsis (Z. nevadensis or Z. angusticollus) (Hagen) seems more organized than that of higher termites, in being comprised of three cell layers. It is also studded with about 200 campaniform sensilla. Below the meshwork cuticle of the gland lies a layer of columnar epithelial cells whose apical surfaces form a brush border, and whose basa...

Realistic representation of various effects which are appeared in the real world paintings can be used for several applications like as animation or education. To generate Oriental paintings, numerous studies have focused on model-based approaches. In this paper, a new modelbased approach for Oriental paintings is described. To represent the diffusion effects, we propose local equilibrium model...

2014 Our recent theory of the free energy and conformations of end-grafted polymer « brushes » is extended to polymers attached to curved surfaces. Several important systems, e.g., layers of polymeric surfactants or of strongly segregated diblock copolymers, can be well described as brushes. By expanding in powers of the curvature the free energy of a brush on a curved surface, the mean and Gau...

Control and tuning of surface properties is indispensable for the programmed and rational design of materials. Particularly, polymeric brush-modified colloids can be used as carrier materials for enzyme immobilization. Although it is of prime importance to control the brush architecture, there is still a lack of systematic investigations concerning the impact of grafting density on the properti...

Cyclic brush polymers represent an exciting new macromolecular topology. For the first time, this new topology has been combined with metallo-supramolecular interactions to construct novel cyclic brush polymers. Here, ring-expansion metathesis polymerization was used to synthesize a universal cyclic template with a polynorbornene backbone, which was further modified with the metal-chelating syn...

Renal cortex was studied during experimentally induced ischemia. A transient increase in anerobic glycolysis occurred with concomitant swelling of both the Golgi apparatus and mitochondria. These intracytoplasmic organelles underwent marked changes in their intracellular positions. Infolding of cytoplasmic membrane at the basal side of proximal tubule cells increased in complexity and proceeded...

INTRODUCTION The next generation of sophisticated nanomachines is being designed with integrated mechanical, optical, chemical gating, and biological devices to perform complex sensing functions. Such systems require “adaptive surfaces”, or surfaces that have the ability to respond to external stimulus and have their surface properties tuned for necessary functionality. Polymer brushes are pros...

We present results of Brownian dynamics simulations of polymer brushes under steady and oscillatory shear. The brush is sheared by a bare surface and the resulting solvent velocity and polymer dynamics are solved self-consistently. Under steady shear the deformation of the brush proceeds in two steps: chains tilt in the flow direction followed by a physical thinning of the brush. The brusheffec...