a majority of books and writing translated from persian literature include persian proverbs among which wisdom and advice are of high importance. these books, as we know, are translated pieces of advice and wisdom from persian and are known as “books of advice”. this paper aims at showing that these books are among the basic principles of persian literature.  having studied historical and liter...

BACKGROUND The history of epilepsy and its treatments dates back to at least 4 millennia. Avicenna, c. 980 AD in Bukhara, Khorasan-1037 in Hamedan was a Persian-speaking Iranian physician, who has many recommendations and suggested various therapies for epilepsy in his book, The Canon of Medicine. METHODS We first reviewed the most important ancient treatments for epilepsy mentioned by Avicen...

versity, Frankfurt am Main. Originally more than 100 abstracts were submitted to the conference, from which 36 were selected for oral presentations and 19 for poster presentations. A number of contributors to the conference subsequently submitted their papers for publication in this issue of Orientalia Suecana, and after the reviewing process, the seven papers below were finally selected for pu...

characterization is a significant element which makes thecomparative study of akbar radi’s the persian heritage and tennessee williams’the glass menagerie, possible. the authors of this paper believe that tom inthe glass menagerie has different aspects of characterization which can befound in the form of different characters in radi’s the persian heritage. thisstudy is an attempt to analyze tom...