THE ATMOSPHERE AND THE EXOGENIC HEAT ENGINE — As discussed in preceding classes, the atmosphere can be thought of as the exogenic heat engine’s power filter: it determines how much and what wavelengths and of the incoming sunlight are trapped, how long the entrapped energy remains trapped before being radiated back to space, and, through this, what the Earth’s overall average surface temperatur...

An experiment was conducted in order to reconstruct previous timbre recognition experiments, measure the effect of ensemble experience and short-term training on the recognition rate, and generate more detailed baseline data to help evaluate the performance of timbre recognition computer models. The subjects, who were conservatory students, had to identify between 2, 3, 9, and 27 instruments on...

While Professor of Solfège...and Harmony at the Geneva Conservatory of Music, he was both interested and troubled by his students’ rhythmic problems. He noticed that one of his students, despite his musical problems, was capable of walking rhythmically. His observation caused him to conclude that people possessed musical rhythm instinctively, but did not transfer these instincts to fulfill thei...

Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, New York 12180, USA Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA Institute of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas...

Although the physiological principles involved in the growth of greenhouse and field crops are not basically different, the development of models for greenhouse crops to some extent has followed its own way. This is mainly due to the specific characteristics of the crops and of the greenhouse production systems involved. Many important greenhouse crops are multi-harvest crops, where the balance...

IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROVISION OF AN ACCEPTABLE STANDARD OF HEALTH CARE, PARTICULARLY IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD, WILL BE UNDERMINED BY THREE ONGOING PROCESSES: ongoing armed conflicts; the threat of global warming due to rising levels of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide emitted by developed countries; and by rapidly rising populations. The key features of these three threats are summa...

The eggplant (Solanum melongena) semi-long black varietal type is the most important in most European markets. Although open pollinated, pure lines and F1 hybrid cultivars exist within this varietal group, the latter predominate in the commercial production of eggplants, especially under greenhouse conditions. However, molecular markers studies have found that modern F1 hybrids present a reduce...

State observer is an essential component in computerized control loops for greenhouse-crop systems. However, the current accomplishments of observer modeling for greenhouse-crop systems mainly focus on mass/energy balance, ignoring physiological responses of crops. As a result, state observers for crop physiological responses are rarely developed, and control operations are typically made based...