The "small” spout, 19/64” or 5/16” in diameter, has been widely available to maple producers since the mid to late 1990's as a "healthy" alternative to the traditional 7/16” spout. While now in general use by producers in some regions, particularly those collecting sap by vacuum, the utility of these smaller spouts is still questioned by many sugarmakers, particularly those collecting sap by gr...

The Flare Monitoring Telescope (FMT) was constructed in 1992 at Hida Observatory in Japan to investigate the long-term variation of solar activity and explosive events. It has five solar imaging telescopes that simultaneously observe the full-disk Sun at different wavelengths around the H-alpha absorption line or in different modes. Therefore, the FMT can measure the three-dimensional velocity ...

Estimation of the source of voiced speech, the glottal volume velocity waveform, with inverse filtering involves usually a parameterisation stage, where the obtained flow waveforms are expressed in numerical forms. This stage of the voice source analysis, the parameterisation of the glottal flow, is discussed in the present paper. The paper aims to give a review on the different methods develop...

Unlike other transfer RNAs (tRNA)-modifying enzymes from the SPOUT methyltransferase superfamily, the tRNA (Um34/Cm34) methyltransferase TrmL lacks the usual extension domain for tRNA binding and consists only of a SPOUT domain. Both the catalytic and tRNA recognition mechanisms of this enzyme remain elusive. By using tRNAs purified from an Escherichia coli strain with the TrmL gene deleted, we...