Accessible online at: www.karger.com/aha Do you prefer quality to quantity? This question has been asked for many years. It is well known that mathematics is the science of pure quantity but what about medicine? For many years, counting cells and identifying them by microscopic inspection have determined the number of normal or abnormal cells in hematological and nonhematological malignancies. ...

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell malignancy in which abnormal, clonal plasma cells proliferate and accumulate in the bone marrow. These abnormal cells, referred to as myeloma cells, disrupt normal bone marrow function and invade bone. Myeloma cells produce and secrete significant quantities of monoclonal protein (M-protein) into the blood and/or urine.1 The clinical features of MM include hype...

In patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) offers a way to precisely assess early treatment response and detect relapse. Established methods to study MRD are flow cytometric detection of abnormal immunophenotypes, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of antigen-receptor genes, and PCR amplification of fusion transcripts. The strong...

Starting from the residual estimates for GMRES formulated by many authors, usually in terms of the quotient of the Hermitian part and the norm of a matrix or by using the field of values of a matrix, we present more general estimates which hold also for restarted and augmented GMRES. Sufficient conditions for convergence are formulated. All estimates are independent on the choice of an initial ...