Batesian mimics-benign species that predators avoid because they resemble a dangerous species-often vary geographically in resemblance to their model. Such geographical variation in mimic-model resemblance may reflect geographical variation in model abundance. Natural selection should favour even poor mimics where their model is common, but only good mimics where their model is rare. We tested ...

Intradermal melanoma diagnosis poses a great deal of confusion on many occasions since it can mimic almost any tumour within the dermis. In part I, the different features of intraepidermal mimics were discussed. In this part, there is discussion of the clinical, cytomorphological and immunohistochemical features of intradermal mimics of melanoma and how to distinguish these conditions from mela...

primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare malignancy usually presenting with symptoms of fever, hepatomegaly, jaundice and weight loss. this picture mimics infectious and inflammatory disorders and thus delays the diagnosis. here, we present a 47-year old man with prolonged fever who underwent several investigations and, in the meantime, developed fulminant hepatic failure before the diagnosis could b...

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) misdiagnosis has many broad implications for the patient and the neurologist. potentially curative treatments exist for certain als mimic syndromes, but delay in starting these therapies may have an unfavorable effect on outcome. hence, it is important to exclude similar conditions. in this review, we discuss some of the important mimics of als.

Many hoverflies (Syrphidae) mimic wasps or bees through colour or behavioural adaptations. The relationship between phenotypic variation in colour pattern and mimetic perfection (as determined by pigeons) was investigated in three species of Müllerian mimics (Vespula spp.) and 10 Batesian hoverfly mimics, plus two non-mimetic species of flies. Four predictions were tested: (i) Batesian mimics m...