We aimed to determine whether loss of volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and deterioration of microarchitecture imaged by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the distal radius/tibia provided additional information in fracture discrimination in postmenopausal women with recent hip fracture. This case-control study involved 24 postmenopausal Chinese women with unila...

This paper presents a microarchitecture based on exploiting the locality of data dependences for e ciently executing many instructions per cycle. The instruction window is split into multiple hardware units, and the instruction stream is distributed among them in such a way that data dependent instructions are generally allocated to the same unit. The fetch bandwidth of the processor is enhance...

It is becoming increasingly difficult to achieve expected levels of reliability and data correctness as the industry approaches the era of extreme CMOS scaling. Aging-related device degradation is becoming a real threat to lifetime reliability. Many processors already include solutions for soft errors in memory structures. More recently, soft errors in logic paths have become an increasing conc...

In this paper, we present a strategy for run-time profiling to optimize the configuration of a superscalar microprocessor dynamically so as to save power with minimum-performance penalty. The configuration of the processor is changed according to the parallelism and power profile of the running application. To identify the optimal configuration, additional hardware with minimal overhead is used...

microarchitecture B. Sinharoy R. N. Kalla J. M. Tendler R. J. Eickemeyer J. B. Joyner This paper describes the implementation of the IBM POWER5e chip, a two-way simultaneous multithreaded dual-core chip, and systems based on it. With a key goal of maintaining both binary and structural compatibility with POWER4e systems, the POWER5 microprocessor allows system scalability to 64 physical process...

Using mice double deficient for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin alpha (LT alpha), we demonstrated that TNF and/or LT alpha are necessary for development of a normal splenic microarchitecture and for isotype switch after immunization with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). In the present study, we extended these observations by determining which TNF receptor (TNFR) is involved in morpholo...

The present work presents evaluation and experimental verification of the use X-ray computed tomographic microscopy (micro-CT) for accurate characterization geometry, microarchitecture, stiffness properties bones. These are crucial designing building optimized implants joint dental reconstruction applications. High-resolution micro-CT scans would provide more detailed information about microarc...

Synthetic bone substitutes are used for regeneration of defects and vertical or horizontal augmentation. With the development new manufacturing methodologies such as additive manufacturing, not only can outer shape a scaffold (the macroarchitecture) be personalized, but also microarchitecture, defined distribution material within scaffold, designed optimized ingrowth. Our study assessed optimal...

The Internet of Things (IoT) makes use of ubiquitous internet connectivity to form a network of everyday physical objects for purposes of automation, remote data sensing and centralized management/control. IoT objects need to be embedded with processing capabilities to fulfill these services. The design of processing units for IoT objects is constrained by various stringent requirements, such a...

Adiabatic process in thermodynamics transfers energy across zero temperature difference. The adiabatic CMOS design style attempts to switch a transistor to transfer energy across its source and drain while the voltage difference is zero. We define an adiabatic microarchitecture that pushes instructions across zero IPC gradient. The IPC gradient can be zero across time: for the same stage IPC ov...