Background Precise knowledge of left atrial appendage (LAA) orifice size is crucial for correct sizing of LAA closure devices. Aim of the present study was to determine the performance of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT3DTEE) for LAA orifice size assessment, compared to twodimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2DTEE), and to investigate the impact of atr...

AIMS Pulsed Doppler measurement of left atrial appendage (LAA) emptying velocity, a marker of left atrium contractile function, has been shown to predict success of cardioversion, thrombo-embolic risk, and maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion and pulmonary vein isolation. However, in the published literature, emptying velocity measurement location is not uniform, and no standard curr...

Investigating nozzle’s orifice flow is challenging both experimentally and theoretically. This paper focuses on simulating flow inside diesel injector nozzle via Ansys fluent v15. Validation is performed with experimental results from Winkhofler et al (2001). Several important parameters such as mass flow rate, velocity profiles and pressure profiles are used for this validation. Results includ...

The objective of this paper is to understand how and why the orifice nature (rigid or flexible) governs the bubble generation. The differences in orifice nature and properties have strong consequences on the bubbles generated. Indeed, the dynamics of the formation and the nature of the detached bubbles are fundamentally different depending on whether the bubbles are generated from the rigid ori...

AIM To observe the morphology of the root canal system of the maxillary first molar mesiobuccal root using micro computed tomography and compare it to current canal classifications. METHODOLOGY Twenty mesiobuccal roots were resected from randomly selected extracted human maxillary first molar teeth and prepared for scanning using a SkyScan micro CT scanner (SkyScan 1172 X-ray microtomograph, ...

Antenatal hydronephrosis and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are common renal tract birth defects. We recently showed that disruption of the Robo2 gene is associated with VUR in humans and antenatal hydronephrosis in knockout mice. However, the natural history, causal relationship and developmental origins of these clinical conditions remain largely unclear. Although the hydronephrosis phenotype in...

This paper presents results of an experimental investigation carried out to control the base pressure in a suddenly expanded axisymmetric passage. Four micro-jets of 1 mm orifice diameter located at 90 0 intervals along a pitch circle diameter of 1.3 times the nozzle exit diameter in the base region were employed as active controls. The tests were conducted for Mach numbers 1.25, 1.3, 1.48, 1.6...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shaping ability of three nickel-titanium systems in simulated curved canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty simulated canals were prepared to apical size 25 with Reciproc, S5, and twisted file (TF) instruments. Standardized pre and postoperative images were taken using a digital camera, were superimposed and aberrations were recorded. Mater...