Pulsed-laser heating of colloidal noble-metal nanoparticles in an aqueous solution induces morphological changes such as size reduction. However, the technique suffers disadvantages through polydispersed products. Here, we show that continuous-wave (CW) laser heating of single gold nanoparticles is capable of generating particles of smaller diameters with superb control in terms of exposure tim...

The wide application and production of nanotechnology have increased the interest in studying the toxicity of nano- and micro-sized particles escaping into air from various aspects of the production process. Metal oxides (MOs) are one particular class of particles that exist abundantly in ambient PM. Studies show an emphasis on biological mechanisms by which inhalation exposure to MOs leads to ...

Nanocomposite materials containing metal nanoparticles are of considerable interest in photonics and optoelectronics applications. However, device fabrication of such materials always encounters the challenge of incorporation of preformed nanoparticles into photoresist materials. As a solution to this problem, an easy new method of fabricating silver nanocomposites by an in situ reduction of pr...

OBJECTIVES To generate a job exposure matrix (JEM) for dust exposure in Norwegian smelters to be used in an epidemiologic study of respiratory diseases and to identify determinants of exposure. METHODS The arithmetic mean and geometric mean (GM) of 2619 personal dust exposure measurements were applied in constructing the JEM, which was assigned to 2620 employees participating in a respiratory...

heavy metals are toxic elements which have a harmful effect on the natural environment and its habitats. investigation of the effect of rose mallow extract on physiological potential improvement of common carp is the aim of this study. 150 fish juvenile (50-100 gram) have been considered for a 14 days in four groups including control, pre treatment, metal only and metal+rose mallow extract. for...

Background: Recent evidence has indicated a deterioration in reproductive health of men in many countries over the past few decades, particularly a decrease in semen quality and an increase in prevalence of prostate cancer. The human male has a relatively low fertility potential as compared to other mammals. Thus, the human male may be at greater risk from reproductive toxicants. For example, t...

The objective of this study was to characterize personal exposures to welding-related metals and gases for production welders and non-welders in a large manufacturing facility. Welding fume metals and irritant gases nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) were sampled for thirty-eight workers. Personal exposure air samples for welding fume metals were collected on 37 mm open face cassettes and ni...

Metallothioneins (MTs) are small, cysteine-rich polypeptides, but the role of MTs in inducing the formation of adaptive response is still largely unknown. We investigated the roles of metallothionein genes (mtl-1 and mtl-2) in the formation of cross-adaptation response to neurobehavioral toxicity from metal exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans. Pre-treatment with mild heat-shock at L2-larva stage...