Age-related dopamine (DA) losses have been extensively demonstrated for the D2 receptor subtype. Comparatively little is known about adult age changes regarding D1 receptors. In this study, we demonstrate marked age-related D1 receptor losses in striatal, limbic, and cortical areas using positron emission tomography and the radioligand [(11)C]SCH23390 in humans. Interregional correlations of bi...

Midbrain dopaminergic neurons play a central role in a wide range of behaviors, from attention and motivation to motor control and reinforcement. Dopaminergic systems, originating in the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) and in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and mainly projecting to the ventral and dorsal striatum (mesostriatal pathway) and to the prefrontal cortex (mesocortical pathway)...

Schizophrenia is a chronic debilitating mental illness. In many aspects, the neuropathology of schizophrenia closely associated with neuroinflammation, especially microglial activation. Microglial hyperactivity, which characterized by predominant release proinflammatory cytokines serves as basis neuroinflammation hypothesis in schizophrenia. The enhanced inflammatory induce neuronal susceptibil...

the prefrontal cortex (pfc) plays a central role in processing both normal and pathological affective states and it is among the brain regions most closely associated with stress-related psychopathology in humans. the ventromedial pfc (vmpfc) in particular has been shown to be required for healthy emotional regulation, social function and risk assessment and decision-making. also this region ex...

Neuronal correlates of Parkinson's disease (PD) include a shift to lower frequencies in the electroencephalogram (EEG) and enhanced synchronized oscillations at 3-7 and 7-30 Hz in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cortex. This study describes the dynamics of a recent physiologically based mean-field model of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical system, and shows how it accounts for many key electro...

Twenty-one Parkinsonian patients were tested in on and off phases during chronic levodopa therapy for cognitive function, affective status, and evaluation of motor performance with reaction and movement times. A worsening of mood was observed from the on to the off phase. No variation in cognitive performance was observed from the on to the off phase in spite of evident motor changes. Mood chan...