the concept of theory of mind (tom) refers to the ability to predict and explain feelings, thoughts, ideas and intentions of self and others. patients with autism spectrum disorders (asd) show a deficient development of theory of mind. specifically, individuals with autism spectrum disorders fail to understand not only that others have minds, but also that other minds have different thoughts, a...

Objective: Tramadol is a synthetic analgesic with two mechanisms. The opioid and non-opioid mechanisms are responsible for tramadol side effects. Non-opioid side effects of tramadol are due to the reuptake inhibitions of serotonin and norepinephrine. Some of the side effects include anaphylactoid reactions, CNS depression, hypoglycemia, hypotension, respiratory depression, seizures, and seroton...

Religion and spirituality are usually considered as protective factors against a host of negative health outcomes. Recent surveys have documented several associations between religion/spirituality and physical and mental health outcomes. Most of the evidences on the effects of religion on general health suggest that religion commonly plays a positive role. On the other side, religion and spirit...

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a very common mental health disorder, whose etiology concerning aggressive styles and defense mechanisms is still poorly known despite the efforts dedicated to develop psychological and biological theories. After obtaining written signed informed consent, this study will recruit inpatients with a clinical diagnosis of BD, based on Structured Clinical Interview and the D...