sleep plays a vital role in regulating physiological mechanisms in the human body. nowadays, by the change of lifestyle and as a consequence of longer work hours and increased accessibility to media, sleep disturbance becomes a common problem in modern society. many studies demonstrated that sleep disturbance triggers a systemic low-grade inflammation by increasing the level of several cytokine...

The most popular form of family planning is tubal ligation. Decades-long debates have surrounded the possibility post-tubal ligation syndrome menstrual irregularities. Objective: To study frequency irregularities after in women attending gynecological outpatient department a tertiary care hospital setting. Methods: A cross sectional was conducted on 126 females who had history post syndrome. Ca...

background & aim : a significant proportion of the women in reproductive ages suffer from problems such as menstrual irregularities. the aim of this study was to determine the association between menstrual cycle regularity and obesity-related anthropometric indices in students of kashan university of medical sciences in 2012. methods & materials : this cross-sectional descriptive study was cond...

leptin, a circulating 16-kd polypeptide consisting of 167 amino acids, appears to be involved in the body weight homeostasis. moreover leptin plays an important role for the reproductive system, early embryogenesis, and fat metabolism during pregnancy and puberty. significant correlations have been found between leptin and sexual hormones, which is a cytokine and has hormonal properties. the ai...

a bstract background: nutrition pattern is one of the important factors predicting menstrual distress, which varies among different cultures and countries. the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between food frequency and menstrual distress in high school girls from mashhad.   materials and methods: this cross‑sectional study was conducted in 2012 using a two‑stage sampling ...

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with poor quality of life (QoL) and high levels of depression. Existing research is confounded by small sample sizes and inconsistent use of control groups. METHODS Depression and QoL were assessed in women with PCOS and healthy controls (n = 1359). The polycystic ovary syndrome health-related QoL questionnaire (PCOSQ) was modified to ...

BACKGROUND Mifepristone is a highly effective and well-tolerated emergency contraceptive when given in a dose of 600 mg within 72 h of unprotected coitus. We assessed whether the same effectiveness can be achieved with lower doses of mifepristone (50 mg and 10 mg) and a longer postcoital treatment period (120 h). METHODS We undertook a multicentre, single-masked, randomised trial in 11 family...

Women have become increasingly physically active in recent decades. While exercise provides substantial health benefits, intensive exercise is also associated with a unique set of risks for the female athlete. Hypothalamic dysfunction associated with strenuous exercise, and the resulting disturbance of GnRH pulsatility, can result in delayed menarche and disruption of menstrual cyclicity. Speci...