Abstract A laser deposition process involves the supply of metallic powders into a laser-heated spot where the powder is melted and forms a melt puddle which quickly solidifies into a bead. In order to design an effective system, the laser beam, the powder beam, and their interactions need to be fully understood. In this paper, the laser-material interaction within the melt pool is reported usi...

Abstract Recoil pressure is a critical factor affecting the melt pool dynamics during Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) processes. depresses pool. When recoil low, thermal conduction and capillary forces may be inadequate to provide proper fusion between layers. However, excessive can produce keyhole inside pool, which associated with gas porosity. Direct measurements are challenging because it lo...

Abstract Arc welding is one of the widely used approaches for joining metals. During arc process, an electric creates intense heat to fuse metals that forms melt pool between parts be welded together. Intensive flow fields are observable within fusion weld pools as a result multiple driving forces. The patterns significantly determine shape joint and other attributes solidified joint, such micr...

Internal flow behaviour and melt-pool surface oscillations during arc welding are complex not yet fully understood. In the present work, high-fidelity numerical simulations employed to describe effects of position, sulphur concentration (60-300 ppm) travel speed (1.25-5 mm/s) on molten metal dynamics in fully-penetrated melt-pools. A wavelet transform is implemented obtain time-resolved frequen...

Material properties of copper and aluminum required for the numerical simulation are presented. Electrodes used for the (paper) are depicted. This study describes the procedures of how penetration depth, width, and absorptivity are obtained from the simulation. In addition, a file format extracted from the simulation to visualize 3D distribution of temperature, velocity, and melt pool geometry ...