Background: The in vitro studies show that the modern cardiac pacemakers utilising the complementary metal-oxide semi-conductor (CMOS) circuitry can be adversely affected by therapeutic radiation. However, the published clinical data are sparse regarding the safety of radiotherapy delivery to patients with artificial pacemakers. Despite the potential risk of life threatening complications, ther...

The use of solid carbon fiber table materials in radiotherapy has become more common with the implementation of image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), since the solid materials give less imaging artifacts than the so-called tennis racket couchtops. The downside of the solid carbon fiber couch inserts is that they increase the beam attenuation, resulting in increased surface doses and inaccuracies in...

This is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. With only limited high-level evidence for management of nasal and paranasal sinus cancers owing to low incidence and diverse histology, this paper provides recommendations on the work up and management based on the existing evidence base. Recommendations • Sinon...

OBJECTIVE To compare high energy fast neutron treatment with conventional megavoltage x ray treatment in the management of locally advanced pelvic carcinomas (of the cervix, bladder, prostate, and rectum). DESIGN Randomised study from February 1986; randomisation to neutron treatment or photon treatment was unstratified and in the ratio of 3 to 1 until January 1988, when randomisation was in ...

PURPOSE To retrospectively review patterns of failure, cosmesis, and outcomes according to treatment modality of patients with histologically confirmed epithelial skin cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS The records of 468 patients having 531 lesions were analyzed; 389 basal cell carcinomas and 142 squamous cell carcinomas were treated, 167 of which were recurrent tumors. Median follow-up was 5.8 y...

background: in megavoltage radiotherapy rooms, ordinary concrete is usually used due to its low construction costs, although higher density concrete are sometimes used, as well. the use of high-density concrete decreases the required thickness of the concrete barrier hence, its disadvantage is its high cost. in a nuclear reactor, neutron radiation is the most difficult to shield. a method for p...

A review of electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) used in external beam, megavoltage radiation therapy is presented. The review consists of a brief introduction to the definition, role and clinical significance of portal imaging, along with a discussion of radiotherapy film systems and the motivations for EPIDs. This is followed by a summary of the challenges and constraints inherent to por...

background: tangential irradiation of intact breast is one of the most common procedures performed in any radiotherapy center. this method is performed by using 2d and 3d treatment planning. the aim of this study was to compare 2d with 3d plans in breast conserving radiotherapy. homogeneity of isodose, and lung received dose were compared. materials and methods: twenty patients with breast canc...

The megavoltage electronic portal imaging is a very important task for cancer treatment in the radiation therapy. The megavoltage images (MVIs) , however, are very poor in quality because of imaging physics. For a reliable patient set-up verification we need better in-treatment images to track relevant features. In recent years, some researchers have applied the concept of fuzzy set theory to d...