In the Eastern Highlands Province (EHP) of Papua New Guinea (PNG) measles outbreaks have occurred regularly every 3 to 4 years since 1980. The latest was between September 1998 and March 2000. Between July 1999 and March 2000 314 children with measles were reviewed at Goroka Base Hospital. The majority of these children were very young: 55% were under 1 year and 27% under 6 months. The median a...

measles, mumps and rubella are viral infectious diseases that may result in serious complications. since the production of vaccines, the number of cases of these diseases has been dropped. nevertheless, these infectious diseases are still one of the major health problems in developing countries. in this study, in order to evaluate the protective responses against measles, mumps and rubella, the...

background: in iran, despite the use of vaccine since 1976, we are still having local epidemics especially in the children aged 15-20 years old. since 1996, the yearly epidemics of measles have been reported in these groups in sistan- baluchestan province, south east of iran. the present study was conducted to determinate the level of immunity in this target population in zahedan. methods: a to...

Despite high measles vaccination rates in the United States, imported measles cases have led to outbreaks in the United States. These outbreaks have not led to sustained measles transmission; however, with each birth cohort of children not fully vaccinated against measles, measles-susceptible individuals accumulate in the population. The total number of measles-susceptible children and adolesce...

OBJECTIVE The current policy of measles vaccination at 9 months of age was decided in the mid-1970s. The policy was not tested for impact on child survival but was based on studies of seroconversion after measles vaccination at different ages. The authors examined the empirical evidence for the six underlying assumptions. DESIGN Secondary analysis. DATA SOURCES AND METHODS These assumptions...

In 1997, the 22 countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) adopted a goal of measles elimination by 2010. To achieve this goal, the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) developed a four-pronged strategy: 1) achieve ≥ 95% vaccination coverage of children with the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) in every district ...

There are an estimated 234,000 cases of measles and 13,851 measles-related deaths per year in Mali. In 1998 and 1999, 548,309 children aged 9-59 months were vaccinated against measles during mass campaigns in urban centers across Mali. After the first campaign, measles incidence decreased by 95% in districts encompassing vaccinated urban centers and by 41% in nonvaccinated districts. There was ...

The Kosi floods of Bihar in 2008 led to initial rapid displacement followed by rehabilitation of the affected population. Strategically planned phase-wise activity of supplementary as well as primary measles vaccination combined with a variety of other interventions proved to be successful in preventing outbreaks and deaths due to measles. While 70% supplementary measles vaccination coverage wa...

Current mass vaccination campaigns in measles outbreak response are nonselective with respect to the immune status of individuals. However, the heterogeneity in immunity, due to previous vaccination coverage or infection, may lead to potential bias of such campaigns toward those with previous high access to vaccination and may result in a lower-than-expected effective impact. During the 2010 me...