Neurons growing on microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are promising tools to investigate principal neuronal network mechanisms and network responses to pharmaceutical substances. However, broad application of these tools, e.g. in pharmaceutical substance screening, requires neuronal cells that provide stable activity on MEAs. Cryopreserved cortical neurons (CCx) from embryonic rats were cultured on M...

EIT uses patterns of current stimulation and voltage measurement (stim & meas patterns) to create images, and it is clear that the choice of stim & meas patterns is critical to the quality of the reconstructed images. Optimal L1-, L2and L∞-norm schemes have been considered for circular, two-dimensional domains [1, 2]. Constructing optimal patterns that maximize the distinguishability of a condu...

For the last century, many neuroscientists around the world have dedicated their lives to understanding how neuronal networks work and why they stop working in various diseases. Studies have included neuropathological observation, fluorescent microscopy with genetic labeling, and intracellular recording in both dissociated neurons and slice preparations. This protocol discusses another technolo...

Conventional polymer multielectrode arrays (MEAs) have limitations resulting from a high Young’s modulus, including low conformability and gaps between the electrodes and neurons. These gaps are not a problem in soft tissues such as the brain, due to the repopulation phenomenon. However, gaps can result in signal degradation when recording from a fiber bundle, such as the spinal cord. Methods: ...

We report here the compositional dependency of face-centered cubic (FCC) to hexagonal close-packed (HCP) martensitic transformation in FeMnCo medium entropy alloys (MEAs) and insights into underlying mechanisms. To this end, we designed MEAs with same Fe-to-Mn ratio explored phase stability therein. Higher Co content was found facilitate FCC-HCP kinetics. In situ electron backscatter diffractio...

In article number 2100225, Igor R. Efimov, Luyao Lu, and co-workers develop flexible transparent metal nanowire-based microelectrode arrays (MEAs) interconnects from a simple solution-processing approach. The MEAs enable precision co-localized electrical recording, optogenetic modulation, optical mapping of cell activity. devices are promising for large-area multifunctional interrogation comple...

There is increasing interest in interfacing dissociated neuronal cultures with planar multielectrode arrays (MEAs) for the study of the dynamics of neuronal networks. Here we report on the successful use of three-dimensional tip electrode arrays (3D MEAs), originally developed for use with brain slices, for recording and stimulation of cultured neurons. We observed that many neurons grew direct...

As online education becomes common, it is essential to identify activities that support critical thinking in this environment. This paper describes the use of a model-eliciting activity (MEA) solved by groups in a synchronous online discussion. The participants displayed their thinking processes and solutions consistent with successful face-to-face (F2F) MEAs. Each group’s discussion showed evi...

Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are essential equipment in neuroscience for studying the nervous system’s behavior and organization. MEAs of parallel electrodes that work by sensing extracellular potential neurons their proximity. Processing data streams acquired from is a computationally intensive task requiring parallelization. It performed using complex signal processing algorithms architectura...

Introduction: Depressive disorder is a prevalent psychiatric disorder, which affects 21% of the world population. The presently using drugs can impose a variety of side-effects including cardiac toxicity, hypopiesia, sexual dysfunction, body weight gain, and sleep disorder. During the last decade, there is a growing interest in the therapeutic effects of natural products on mental disorders. Am...