due to damaging effects of speckle noise to information of radar images, reduction of these effects has been considered by many researchers. we discussed speckle reduction of radar images based on curvelet transformation. more specifically we discussed the speckle reduction with emphasizing on preservation of the edges by hard thresholding of curvelet transformation. in this algorithm, first mu...

In this study we model the daily rainfall occurrence using Markov Chain Analogue Yearmodel (MCAYM) and the intensity or amount of daily rainfall using three different probability distributions; gamma, exponential and mixed exponential distributions. Combining the occurrence and intensity model we obtain Markov Chain Analogue Year gamma model (MCAYGM), Markov Chain Analogue Year exponentia...

in this research, the spatial distribution of fe, cu, zn and mn on agricultural lands of golestan province were evaluated using different interpolation methods such as, kriging, inverse distance weighted, local polynomial, inverse multiquadric and radial basis function. thus, 505 soil samples were provided from fields during 2008 and micronutrients rates were measured for each sample. the perfo...

Error measures for the evaluation of forecasts are usually based on the size of the forecast errors. Common measures are e.g. the Mean Squared Error (MSE), the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) or the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Alternative measures for the comparison of forecasts are turning points or hits-and-misses, where an indicator loss function is used to decide, if a forecast is ...

Here, we document the performance of different DFT and DFTB methods with respect to the C−O stretch vibration, both in terms of absolute frequencies and effects of hydrogen bonds on the frequencies. We demonstrate, that PBE/def2-TZVP is a suitable reference for the C−O stretch frequency in carboxylic acids. In the following text, the abbreviations ME (mean error), MAE (mean absolute error), MSE...