Design of complex products with several interacting subsystems or disciplinary analyses poses substantive challenges to both analysis and optimization, necessitating specialized solution techniques. A product or system may qualify as complex due to large scale or due to strong interactions. Single-level strategies for complex system optimization centralize decision-making authority, while multi...

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and their compulsory cofactors, the cyclins, are the two key classes of regulatory molecules that determine the eukaryotic cell's progress through the cell cycle by substrate phosphorylation. Cdk1 forms complexes with B-type cyclins and phosphorylates a number of substrates as cells prepare to enter mitosis. CYB-3 (Cyclin B3) is a B-type cyclin that has been recen...

We tested the association between aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and tumor induction by feeding azoxymethane-induced rats (15 mg/kg x 2, s.c.) with synbiotics (Raftilose Synergy 1, a derivative of inulin, 10% of the diet, along with lactobacilli and bifidobacteria). After 16 weeks of feeding, synbiotics significantly increased ACF multiplicity. On the contrary, after 32 weeks, synbiotics significant...

The pathogenesis of circulatory shock has been previously associated with the plasma accumulation of a myocardial depressant factor (MDF). The plasma accumulation of MDF in cats subjected to hemorrhagic shock was associated with marked increases (P<0.01) in activities of plasma cathepsins A—E. The pH optima for three of the five cathepsins were in the range of 4.8-5.2, a pH range close to that ...

The neonicotinoids are the newest major class of insecticides modeled after the basic nicotine molecule having improved insecticide activity and generally low toxicity. The insecticidal activities of neonicotinoids were previous studied using 3D and standard partial least squares regression models. The paper describes the ability of the MDF SAR methodology in prediction of insecticidal activiti...

It is increasingly being recognized that global ecological research requires novel methods and strategies in which to combine process-based ecological models and data in cohesive, systematic ways. Model-data fusion (MDF) is an emerging area of research in ecology and palaeoecology. It provides a new quantitative approach that offers a high level of empirical constraint over model predictions ba...

The myogenic determination factors (MDFs) are transcriptional activators that target E boxes in many muscle-specific promoters, including those of the genes coding for the subunits of the acetylcholine receptor. It is not known, however, if in vivo a given E box in a transcriptionally active gene is occupied, either uniquely by one MDF or randomly by all MDFs. We have analyzed expression of MDF...

The Matakaoa Debris Flow (MDF) is a 200-km-long mass-transport deposit resulting from the failure of the Matakaoa continental margin, northeast New Zealand, ca. 38–100 ky ago. In this study, high-quality bathymetric and seismic reflection data are used to identify the morpho-structural characters that reflect the kinematics of the MDF, as well as its interactions with basin sediments. We demons...

Themultidelay block frequency-domain (MDF) adaptive filter is an excellent candidate for both acoustic and network echo cancellation. There is a need for a very good double-talk detector (DTD) to be combined efficiently with the MDF algorithm. Recently, a DTD based on a normalized cross-correlation vector was proposed and it was shown that this DTD performsmuch better than the Geigel algorithm ...